ArticleBMJ open2020
Examining the prevalence, correlates and inequalities of undiagnosed hypertension in Nepal: a population-based cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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30 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Does the Disparity Patterning Differ between Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Hypertension among Adults? Evidence from Indonesia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Undiagnosed hypertension in Croatia.Croatian medical journal · 2023Article
- Comparing socio-economic inequalities in self-reported and undiagnosed hypertension among adults 45 years and over in India: what explains these inequalities?International journal for equity in health · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Undiagnosed Hypertension and Associated Factors among Adults in Mizan-Aman Town, Bench Sheko Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Advances in medicine · 2023Article
- Undiagnosed hypertension and its correlates among adults attending urban and rural health training centers in a South Indian district.Journal of education and health promotion · 2023Article
- Burden of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors: A challenge for primary health care in urban Colombia.PloS one · 2023Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of undiagnosed hypertension among adults in the Central African Republic.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Determinants affecting utilisation of health services and treatment for children under-5 in rural Nepali health centres: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Socioeconomic risk factors of hypertension and blood pressure among persons aged 15-49 in Nepal: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 5 countries.
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Abstract
objectiveTo examine the prevalence, correlates and sociodemographic inequalities of undiagnosed hypertension in Nepal.
designThis study used cross-sectional 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data. Undiagnosed patients with hypertension were defined as an NDHS respondent who was diagnosed as hypertensive (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg) during the survey, but never took any prescribed anti-hypertensive medicine to lower/control blood pressure and was never identified as having hypertension by a health professional prior the survey. Multiple binary logistic regression analysis was performed, and Concentration Index was measured.
settingNepal.
participantsAdult patients with hypertension.
resultsAmong 3334 patients with hypertension, 50.4% remained undiagnosed during the survey in Nepal. Adjusted model reveals that patients who were male, belonged to households other than the highest wealth quintile, and lived in province 4 and province 5 were at higher risk of remaining undiagnosed for hypertension. Patients who were ≥65 years of age and were overweight/obese were at lower risk of remaining undiagnosed for hypertension. The poor-rich gap was 24.6 percentage points (Q1=64.1% vs Q5=39.6%) and poor:rich ratio was 1.6 (Q1/Q5=1.6) in the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension. Undiagnosed hypertension was disproportionately higher among lower socioeconomic status groups (Concentration Index, C=-0.18). Inequalities in the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension further varied across other geographic locations, including place of residence, ecological zones and administrative provinces.
conclusionsUndiagnosed hypertension was highly prevalent in Nepal and there were substantial inequalities by sociodemographics and subnational levels. Increasing awareness, strengthening routine screening to diagnose hypertension at primary health service facilities and enactment of social health insurance policy may help Nepal to prevent and control this burden.
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