Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33004213›Full record

ArticleChild abuse & neglect2021

Increased proportion of physical child abuse injuries at a level I pediatric trauma center during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Mark L Kovler, Susan Ziegfeld, Leticia M Ryan, Mitchell A Goldstein, Rebecca Gardner, Alejandro V Garcia, Isam W Nasr

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Child abuse & neglect, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
80citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
51.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

80 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 202 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Epidemiologic trends of domestic violence-related ocular injuries among pediatric patients: data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample 2008-2017.Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus · 2023
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20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mark L KovlerDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States. Electronic address: mkovler1@jhmi.edu.
Susan ZiegfeldDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Leticia M RyanDivision of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Mitchell A GoldsteinDivision of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Rebecca GardnerDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Alejandro V GarciaDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Isam W NasrDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Johns Hopkins University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesThe Covid-19 pandemic has forced mass closures of childcare facilities and schools. While these measures are necessary to slow virus transmission, little is known regarding the secondary health consequences of social distancing. The purpose of this study is to assess the proportion of injuries secondary to physical child abuse (PCA) at a level I pediatric trauma center during the Covid-19 pandemic.

methodsA retrospective review of patients at our center was conducted to identify injuries caused by PCA in the month following the statewide closure of childcare facilities in Maryland. The proportion of PCA patients treated during the Covid-19 era were compared to the corresponding period in the preceding two years by Fisher's exact test. Demographics, injury profiles, and outcomes were described for each period.

resultsEight patients with PCA injuries were treated during the Covid-19 period (13 % of total trauma patients), compared to four in 2019 (4 %, p < 0.05) and three in 2018 (3 %, p < 0.05). The median age of patients in the Covid-19 period was 11.5 months (IQR 6.8-24.5). Most patients were black (75 %) with public health insurance (75 %). All injuries were caused by blunt trauma, resulting in scalp/face contusions (63 %), skull fractures (50 %), intracranial hemorrhage (38 %), and long bone fractures (25 %).

conclusionsThere was an increase in the proportion of traumatic injuries caused by physical child abuse at our center during the Covid-19 pandemic. Strategies to mitigate this secondary effect of social distancing should be thoughtfully implemented.

Indexed as

COVID-19Trauma CentersChild AbuseChild, PreschoolCraniocerebral TraumaFemaleHumansInfantMalePandemicsPhysical AbusePhysical DistancingRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Skull FracturesCoronavirusCovid-19Nonaccidental traumaPhysical child abuse

Identifiers

PMID33004213
PMCPMC7518108
OpenAlexW3089274758

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.