ReviewToxins2020
Uremic Toxins and Vascular Calcification-Missing the Forest for All the Trees.
Review in Toxins, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Uremic Toxin-Driven Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: Molecular Pathways and Integrated Phenotypes.Toxins · 2026Review
- Physical activity and vascular calcification in maintenance hemodialysis: the mediating role of irisin.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Extended-Hours Hemodialysis Without Dietary Restrictions Reduces Risk of Vascular Calcification.Journal of medical cases · 2025Article
- Review
- Proceedings of a membrane update symposium: advancements, scientific insights, and future trends for dialysis membranes for enhanced clinical outcomes in end stage kidney disease patients.Frontiers in nephrology · 2024Article
- Inflammation and gut dysbiosis as drivers of CKD-MBD.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2023Review
- Biotics (Pre-, Pro-, Post-) and Uremic Toxicity: Implications, Mechanisms, and Possible Therapies.Toxins · 2023Review
- Clinical Outcomes in Patients on Hemodialysis with Congestive Heart Failure.Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular Calcification Heterogeneity in Chronic Kidney Disease.Circulation research · 2023Review
- Article
- Role of GDF-15, YKL-40 and MMP 9 in patients with end-stage kidney disease: focus on sex-specific associations with vascular outcomes and all-cause mortality.Biology of sex differences · 2021Article
- Effect of Vancomycin on the Gut Microbiome and Plasma Concentrations of Gut-Derived Uremic Solutes.Kidney international reports · 2021Article
- Review
- Kv1.3 Channel Inhibition Limits Uremia-Induced Calcification in Mouse and Human Vascular Smooth Muscle.Function (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The cardiorenal syndrome relates to the detrimental interplay between the vascular system and the kidney. The uremic milieu induced by reduced kidney function alters the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and promotes vascular calcification, a condition which is strongly linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Biological mechanisms involved include generation of reactive oxygen species, inflammation and accelerated senescence. A better understanding of the vasotoxic effects of uremic retention molecules may reveal novel avenues to reduce vascular calcification in CKD. The present review aims to present a state of the art on the role of uremic toxins in pathogenesis of vascular calcification. Evidence, so far, is fragmentary and limited with only a few uremic toxins being investigated, often by a single group of investigators. Experimental heterogeneity furthermore hampers comparison. There is a clear need for a concerted action harmonizing and standardizing experimental protocols and combining efforts of basic and clinical researchers to solve the complex puzzle of uremic vascular calcification.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.