ArticleMenopause (New York, N.Y.)2020
Effect of sex hormones on coronavirus disease 2019: an analysis of 5,061 laboratory-confirmed cases in South Korea.
Article in Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 who are using hormonal contraception.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- A meta-analysis on the risk factors adjusted association between cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 severity.BMC public health · 2021Pooled it
- Sex-specific biphasic alpha-synuclein response and alterations of interneurons in a COVID-19 hamster model.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
- Risk of thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 who are using hormonal contraception.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- The Influence of Sex on Characteristics and Outcomes of Coronavirus-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Impact of gender-affirming hormone therapy on the development of COVID-19 infections and associated complications: A systematic review.World journal of methodology · 2022Article
- Article
- Contraception in the COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations from the Korean society of contraception and reproductive health.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2022Article
- Androgenetic alopecia and COVID-19: A review of the hypothetical role of androgens.Dermatologic therapy · 2021Review
- COVID-19 and Menstrual Status: Is Menopause an Independent Risk Factor for SARS Cov-2?Journal of mid-life healthArticle
- Role of Short-Term Estradiol Supplementation in Symptomatic Postmenopausal COVID-19 Females: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of mid-life healthArticle
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on byIn reply.2021
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the effect of female sex hormones on the clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 patients using national claims data.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study used the Health Insurance Review and Assessment data of 5,061 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 in South Korea from January 20 to April 8, 2020. To evaluate the effect of hormone therapy on clinical outcomes among women, subgroup analyses using age-matched case-control data were performed.
resultsCoronavirus disease 2019 was most prevalent in women in the 20-39 years age group (1,250 [44.14%]). Men were more likely to receive oxygen therapy (144 [6.46%] vs 131 [4.63%], P = 0.004), be admitted to the intensive care unit (60 [2.69%] vs 53 [1.87%], P = 0.049), and have a longer length of stay after admission to the intensive care unit (19.70 ± 11.80 vs 14.75 ± 9.23, P = 0.016). However, there was no significant difference in the mortality rate (men vs women: 42 [1.88%] vs 42 [1.48%], P = 0.267). In the multivariable Cox analysis, older age and underlying comorbidities, but not sex, were independent risk factors for mortality. Hormone therapy was not significantly associated with clinical outcomes.
conclusionsThis study, using nationwide data, suggests that female sex hormones are not associated with the morbidity and clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in South Korea.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.