ArticleJournal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences2020
Impacts of Degradation on Water, Energy, and Carbon Cycling of the Amazon Tropical Forests.
Article in Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of perches in promoting bird-mediated seed dispersal for natural forest regeneration: a systematic review.Environmental evidence · 2025Pooled it
- Liana optical traits increase tropical forest albedo and reduce ecosystem productivity.Global change biology · 2022Pooled it
- Characterizing the vertical structure of forests in the Brazilian Amazon.Communications earth & environment · 2026Article
- Human influence on Amazon's aboveground carbon dynamics intensified over the last decade.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A large net carbon loss attributed to anthropogenic and natural disturbances in the Amazon Arc of Deforestation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Amazon deforestation causes strong regional warming.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- How effective are perches in promoting bird-mediated seed dispersal for natural forest regeneration? A systematic review protocol.Environmental evidence · 2023Review
- Effects of forest degradation classification on the uncertainty of aboveground carbon estimates in the Amazon.Carbon balance and management · 2023Article
- Tropical forests post-logging are a persistent net carbon source to the atmosphere.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Climate and land management accelerate the Brazilian water cycle.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Feedback in tropical forests of the Anthropocene.Global change biology · 2022Review
- Impacts of Degradation on Water, Energy, and Carbon Cycling of the Amazon Tropical Forests.Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 10 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Selective logging, fragmentation, and understory fires directly degrade forest structure and composition. However, studies addressing the effects of forest degradation on carbon, water, and energy cycles are scarce. Here, we integrate field observations and high-resolution remote sensing from airborne lidar to provide realistic initial conditions to the Ecosystem Demography Model (ED-2.2) and investigate how disturbances from forest degradation affect gross primary production (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET), and sensible heat flux (H). We used forest structural information retrieved from airborne lidar samples (13,500 ha) and calibrated with 817 inventory plots (0.25 ha) across precipitation and degradation gradients in the eastern Amazon as initial conditions to ED-2.2 model. Our results show that the magnitude and seasonality of fluxes were modulated by changes in forest structure caused by degradation. During the dry season and under typical conditions, severely degraded forests (biomass loss ≥66%) experienced water stress with declines in ET (up to 34%) and GPP (up to 35%) and increases of H (up to 43%) and daily mean ground temperatures (up to 6.5°C) relative to intact forests. In contrast, the relative impact of forest degradation on energy, water, and carbon cycles markedly diminishes under extreme, multiyear droughts, as a consequence of severe stress experienced by intact forests. Our results highlight that the water and energy cycles in the Amazon are driven by not only climate and deforestation but also the past disturbance and changes of forest structure from degradation, suggesting a much broader influence of human land use activities on the tropical ecosystems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.