Observational studyJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2021
Exclusive human milk diet reduces incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage in extremely low birth weight infants.
Observational study in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exclusive human milk diet and mortality before discharge in premature and very low birthweight infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Impact of Pasteurization and Storage on the Microbiological Composition and Lipid Degradation of Human Milk Cream.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Interventions to improve racial and ethnic equity in critical care: A scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- Effect of breast milk intake volume on early behavioral neurodevelopment of extremely preterm infants.International breastfeeding journal · 2024Article
- Impact of Donor Human Milk in an Urban NICU Population.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- High-proportion breast milk feeding is associated with a reduction in the incidence of IVH in very preterm infants.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Using Nature to Nurture: Breast Milk Analysis and Fortification to Improve Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Methodological concerns in the exclusive human milk study.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
- Exclusive human milk diet and severe intraventricular hemorrhage.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
- Reply to "Exclusive human milk diet and severe intraventricular hemorrhage".Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
- Reply to "methodological concerns in the exclusive human milk study".Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveCompare the incidence of severe (grade III/IV) intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and/or periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) between two groups of ELBW infants based on diet until 34 weeks corrected gestational age (CGA): (1) Exclusive human milk (EHM)-mother's own and/or pasteurized donor human milk, human milk-derived fortifier, and oral care with colostrum/human milk vs. (2) non-EHM-bovine formula or mother's own milk with bovine-derived fortifier. STUDY
designRetrospective observational study of two groups of ELBW infants based on diet until 34 weeks CGA.
resultThere were n = 306 infants, 127 EHM and 179 non-EHM. Demographics and morbidities were similar except higher antenatal steroids and NEC in EHM group. The rate of severe IVH/PVL was lower in EHM compared to non-EHM group (7 vs. 18%, p < 0.006).
conclusionEHM diet had an independent neuroprotective effect and was associated with decreased incidence of severe IVH/PVL, supporting the need of EHM in ELBW infants.
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