Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32999365›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

Extensive new Anopheles cryptic species involved in human malaria transmission in western Kenya.

Daibin Zhong, Elizabeth Hemming-Schroeder, Xiaoming Wang, Solomon Kibret, Guofa Zhou, Harrysone Atieli, Ming-Chieh Lee, Yaw A Afrane, Andrew K Githeko, Guiyun Yan

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Insecticide resistance intensity inCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025
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  15. The major and minorGigaByte (Hong Kong, China) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Daibin ZhongProgram in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. dzhong@uci.edu.
Elizabeth Hemming-SchroederProgram in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Xiaoming WangProgram in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Solomon KibretProgram in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Guofa ZhouProgram in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Harrysone AtieliCentre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.
Ming-Chieh LeeProgram in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Yaw A AfraneDepartment of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Andrew K GithekoCentre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.
Guiyun YanProgram in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. guiyuny@uci.edu.
University of California, Irvine · USKenya Medical Research Institute · KEUniversity of Ghana · GH

Funding

Vector Biology of Invasive Anopheles stephensi in Rural to Urban Landscapes in EthiopiaU19AI129326 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI Guiyun Yan · 2017 to 2026
$19.9M
Ecology of African Highland MalariaR01AI050243 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI YAN, GUIYUN · 2001 to 2018
$8.8M
Research Training in Mosquito Genomics and Bioinformat*D43TW001505 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI Guiyun Yan · 2000 to 2026
$6.0M
Impact of insecticide resistance on the behavior and fitness of malaria vectorsR01AI123074 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF GHANA · PI YAW ASARE AFRANE · 2016 to 2026
$1.2M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW001505NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050243NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI123074NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI129326NIH HHS U19AI129326
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A thorough understanding of malaria vector species composition and their bionomic characteristics is crucial to devise effective and efficient vector control interventions to reduce malaria transmission. It has been well documented in Africa that malaria interventions in the past decade have resulted in major changes in species composition from endophilic Anopheles gambiae to exophilic An. arabiensis. However, the role of cryptic rare mosquito species in malaria transmission is not well known. This study examined the species composition and distribution, with a particular focus on malaria transmission potential of novel, uncharacterized Anopheles cryptic species in western Kenya. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS2 and COX1 genes revealed 21 Anopheles mosquito species, including two previously unreported novel species. Unusually high rates of Plasmodium sporozoite infections were detected in An. funestus, An. gambiae and eight cryptic rare species. Plasmodium falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale sporozoite infections were identified with large proportion of mixed species infections in these vectors. This study, for the first time, reports extensive new Anopheles cryptic species involved in the malaria transmission in western Kenya. These findings underscore the importance of non-common Anopheles species in malaria transmission and the need to target them in routine vector control and surveillance efforts.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnophelesDemographyInsect VectorsKenyaMalariaMalaria, FalciparumMosquito ControlMosquito VectorsPhylogenyPlasmodium falciparumSpecies SpecificityVector Borne Diseases

Identifiers

PMID32999365
PMCPMC7527330
OpenAlexW3090355055

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.