ArticleJournal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)2020
The effects of cigarettes and alcohol on intestinal microbiota in healthy men.
Article in Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Checkpoint inhibitor responses can be regulated by the gut microbiota - A systematic review.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Pooled it
- Changes in Gut Microbiota and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Probiotics-induced changes in gut microbial composition and its effects on cognitive performance after stress: exploratory analyses.Translational psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Differences in the Gastric Microbiotas of Neighboring Populations With Divergent Risks of Gastric Cancer.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Cigarette smoke extract exposure induces gut microbial dysbiosis and impairs short-chain fatty acid metabolism in juvenile rats.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- The diversity of factors influencing human digestive microbiota in healthy adults and their interaction: a scoping review.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- There is no sufficient evidence to support the use of probiotics supplementation in schizophrenia treatment.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Investigating microbiota differences across chronic pancreatitis, influenced by lifestyle and genetic determinants.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Exploring the Gut and Oral Microbiomes in Psychoactive Substance Use: A Scoping Review of Clinical Studies.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
- The Bidirectional Interplay Between Substances of Abuse and Gut Microbiome Homeostasis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Gut Microbiome: The Role of the Gut-Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Processes.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Potential roles of cigarette smoking on gut microbiota profile among Chinese men.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Gut Microbiota at the Crossroad of Hepatic Oxidative Stress and MASLD.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Alcohol exposure alters the diversity and composition of oral microbiome.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Maternal smoking around birth is associated with an increased risk of offspring constipation: Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- An Investigation into the Relationship of Circulating Gut Microbiome Molecules and Inflammatory Markers with the Risk of Incident Dementia in Later Life.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Altered interaction network in the gut microbiota of current cigarette smokers.Engineering microbiology · 2024Article
- The Crucial Roles of Diet, Microbiota, and Postbiotics in Colorectal Cancer.Current nutrition reports · 2024Review
- Relationship between dietary live microbe intake and the prevalence of COPD in adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2013-2018.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human intestinal microbiota is affected by the exogenous microenvironment. This study aimed to determine the effects of cigarettes and alcohol on the gut microbiota of healthy men. In total, 116 healthy male subjects were enrolled and divided into four groups: non-smoking and non-drinking (Group A), smoking only (Group B), drinking only (Group C), and smoking and drinking combined (Group D). Fecal samples were collected and sequenced using 16S rRNA to analyze the microbial composition. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) levels in feces were determined by gas chromatography. We found that cigarette and alcohol consumptions can alter overall composition of gut microbiota in healthy men. The relative abundances of phylum Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and more than 40 genera were changed with cigarette and alcohol consumptions. SCFAs decreased with smoking and alcohol consumption. Multivariate analysis indicated that when compared with group A, group B/C/D had higher Bacteroides, and lower Phascolarctobacterium, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-003, and Ruminiclostridium_9 regardless of BMI and age. Additionally, the abundance of Bacteroides was positively correlated with the smoking pack-year (r = 0.207, p < 0.05), the abundance of predicted pathway of bacterial toxins (r = 0.3672, p < 0.001) and the level of carcinoembryonic antigen in host (r = 0.318, p < 0.01). Group D shared similar microbial construction with group B, but exerted differences far from group C with lower abundance of Haemophilus. These results demonstrated that cigarette and alcohol consumption separately affected the intestinal microbiota and function in healthy men; furthermore, the co-occurrence of cigarette and alcohol didn't exacerbate the dysbiosis and cigarette played the predominated role on the alteration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.