Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32997257›Full record

ArticleMolecular diversity2021

A multimodal deep learning-based drug repurposing approach for treatment of COVID-19.

Seyed Aghil Hooshmand, Mohadeseh Zarei Ghobadi, Seyyed Emad Hooshmand, Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi, Seyed Mehdi Alavi, Ali Masoudi-Nejad

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular diversity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. AI-powered in silico twins: redefining precision medicine through simulation, personalization, and predictive healthcare.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Staying Ahead of the Game: How SARS-CoV-2 has Accelerated the Application of Machine Learning in Pandemic Management.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2023
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Machine Learning Applications in Drug Repurposing.Interdisciplinary sciences, computational life sciences · 2022
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Seyed Aghil HooshmandLaboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Department of Bioinformatics, University of Tehran, Kish International Campus, Kish Island, Iran.
Mohadeseh Zarei GhobadiLaboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Seyyed Emad HooshmandDepartment of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sadegh Azimzadeh JamalkandiChemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Tehran, Iran.
Seyed Mehdi AlaviDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
Ali Masoudi-NejadLaboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Department of Bioinformatics, University of Tehran, Kish International Campus, Kish Island, Iran. amasoudin@ut.ac.ir.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0659-5183

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recently, various computational methods have been proposed to find new therapeutic applications of the existing drugs. The Multimodal Restricted Boltzmann Machine approach (MM-RBM), which has the capability to connect the information about the multiple modalities, can be applied to the problem of drug repurposing. The present study utilized MM-RBM to combine two types of data, including the chemical structures data of small molecules and differentially expressed genes as well as small molecules perturbations. In the proposed method, two separate RBMs were applied to find out the features and the specific probability distribution of each datum (modality). Besides, RBM was used to integrate the discovered features, resulting in the identification of the probability distribution of the combined data. The results demonstrated the significance of the clusters acquired by our model. These clusters were used to discover the medicines which were remarkably similar to the proposed medications to treat COVID-19. Moreover, the chemical structures of some small molecules as well as dysregulated genes' effect led us to suggest using these molecules to treat COVID-19. The results also showed that the proposed method might prove useful in detecting the highly promising remedies for COVID-19 with minimum side effects. All the source codes are accessible using https://github.com/LBBSoft/Multimodal-Drug-Repurposing.git.

Indexed as

COVID-19 Drug TreatmentDeep LearningDrug RepositioningProbabilitySmall Molecule LibrariesSmall Molecule LibrariesCOVID-19Deep learningDrug repurposingMultimodal data fusionRestricted Boltzmann machine

Identifiers

PMID32997257
PMCPMC7525234

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.