Trial reportActa ophthalmologica2021
Effect of dichoptic video game treatment on mild amblyopia - a pilot study.
Trial report in Acta ophthalmologica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05620173 ('Validation and Development of New Dichoptic VR-gaming Method to Treat Childhood Amblyopia; Vedea Amblyopia Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
'Validation and Development of New Dichoptic VR-gaming Method to Treat Childhood Amblyopia; Vedea Amblyopia Therapy (VAT)
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of patient adherence to emerging treatment tools for improving visual functions in amblyopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of optometryPooled it
- Efficacy of patching combined with action video games in amblyopic children aged 4-10 years: A randomised clinical trial.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Comparison of compliance among patients with pediatric amblyopia undergoing virtual reality-based and traditional patching method training.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of RCTs on Efficacy of Conventional vs. Emerging Treatments for Amblyopia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of Active Vision Therapy in Children with Bilateral Refractive Amblyopia.Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2026Article
- Burden and characteristics of inherited retinal diseases in China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Perceptual Learning and Video Game Training for Adults with Monocular Amblyopia.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Review
- Classification of videogames for amblyopia treatment in perceptive and cognitive domains.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Current Developments in the Management of Amblyopia with the Use of Perceptual Learning Techniques.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Long-Term Efficacy of the Combination of Active Vision Therapy and Occlusion in Children with Strabismic and Anisometropic Amblyopia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the Efficacy of a New Dichoptic Digital Platform to Treat the Anisometropic and Isometropic Amblyopia.Brain sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe effect of contrast-balanced dichoptic video game training on distance visual acuity (DVA) and stereo acuity has been investigated in severe-to-moderate amblyopia, but its effect on mild amblyopia and fixation stability has not been assessed. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of home-based dichoptic video game on amblyopic eye DVA, stereo acuity and fixation stability in adults with mild amblyopia.
methodsA randomized single-masked design was adopted. The active 6-week home-based treatment was an anaglyphic, contrast-balanced dichoptic video game, and the placebo was an identical non-dichoptic game. Participants (n = 23) had mild amblyopia (amblyopic DVA ≤ 0.28 log Minimum Angle of Resolution (logMAR)). The primary outcome was change in amblyopic DVA at 6 weeks postrandomization. Near visual acuity, stereo acuity and fixation stability (bivariate contour eclipse area) were also measured. Follow-up occurred at 12 and 24 weeks postrandomization.
resultsMean amblyopic eye DVA was 0.21 ± 0.06 and 0.18 ± 0.06 logMAR for the active (n = 12) and placebo (n = 11) group, respectively. Amblyopic DVA improved significantly more in the active group (0.09 ± 0.05) than in the placebo group (0.03 ± 0.04 logMAR; p < 0.05). The difference between groups remained at 12 weeks postrandomization (p = 0.04) but not at 24 weeks (p = 0.43). Titmus stereo acuities improved significantly more in the active group (0.40 log arcsec) than in the placebo group (0.09 log arcsec) after 6 weeks of gameplay. The between-group difference was still present at 24 weeks postrandomization (p = 0.05). There were no differences between groups on any other secondary outcomes.
conclusionHome-based dichoptic video gameplay may be an effective method to improve amblyopic DVA and stereo acuity in mild amblyopia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.