ArticleApplied psychology. Health and well-being2020
Who is the Most Stressed During the COVID-19 Pandemic? Data From 26 Countries and Areas.
Article in Applied psychology. Health and well-being, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 154 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
154 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Subjective sleep alterations in healthy subjects worldwide during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.Sleep medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Sleep medicine reviews · 2022Pooled it
- A Systematic Review on Sex- and Gender-Sensitive Research in Public Mental Health During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Crisis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Parallel randomised trial testing community fibrosis assessment for suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: outcomes from LOCATE-NAFLD.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Age, Motivation, and Emotion Regulation Skills Predict Treatment Outcome in an Internet-Based Self-Help Intervention for COVID-19 Related Psychological Distress.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Brief repeated virtual nature contact for three weeks boosts university students' nature connectedness and psychological and physiological health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A pilot study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Suicidal Thoughts and Self-Harm Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Population-Based Survey Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Comparing the psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 in seven low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Online gambling during the COVID-19 pandemic: do living conditions matter?BMC public health · 2025Article
- COVID-19 hardship and mental health in Chilean parents: the role of disaster exposure and family resilience.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Pandemic-Related Worries and Stressors and Use of Tobacco and Alcohol Among Postpartum Women in the United States Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · 2025Article
- Effects of Perceived Scarcity on Mental Health, Time and Risk Preferences, and Decision-Making During and After COVID-19 Lockdown: Quasi-Natural Experimental Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Emotional distress during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic-large sample serbian study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Risk Predictors and Cognitive Outcomes of the Psychosocial Functioning of North American Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Quality of life, perceived stress, and use of school-based stress management interventions in high school students: a mixed-methods study during and after COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Determinants of gender disparities in psychological distress in the South African population aged 15 years and older: Findings from the 2017 National HIV prevalence, incidence, behaviour, and communication survey.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Article
- Mothers of Young Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Depressive Symptoms and Perceived Stress.Psychopathology · 2025Article
- Anorexia Nervosa in Polish Children and Adolescents in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic-An Observational Single Centre Study.Nutrients · 2024Observational
94 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo limit the rapid spread of COVID-19, countries have asked their citizens to stay at home. As a result, demographic and cultural factors related to home life have become especially relevant to predict population well-being during isolation. This pre-registered worldwide study analyses the relationship between the number of adults and children in a household, marital status, age, gender, education level, COVID-19 severity, individualism-collectivism, and perceived stress.
methodsWe used the COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey data of 53,524 online participants from 26 countries and areas. The data were collected between 30 March and 6 April 2020.
resultsHigher levels of stress were associated with younger age, being a woman, lower level of education, being single, staying with more children, and living in a country or area with a more severe COVID-19 situation.
conclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic revealed that certain people may be more susceptible to experience elevated levels of stress. Our findings highlight the need for public health to be attentive to both the physical and the psychological well-being of these groups.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.