Toilet chemical additives and their effect on faecal sludge characteristics.

Eugene Appiah-Effah, Godwin Armstrong Duku, Bismark Dwumfour-Asare, Isaac Manu, Kwabena Biritwum Nyarko

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Predictive Intelligence for Cholera in Ukraine?GeoHealth · 2022
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Eugene Appiah-EffahRegional Water and Environmental Sanitation Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi Ghana.

Godwin Armstrong DukuDepartment of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi Ghana.

Bismark Dwumfour-AsareDepartment of Environmental Health and Sanitation Education, University of Education Winneba, Asante-Mampong Campus Ghana.

Isaac ManuRegional Water and Environmental Sanitation Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi Ghana.

Kwabena Biritwum NyarkoRegional Water and Environmental Sanitation Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi Ghana.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of two mostly improvised chemical additives, calcium carbide and lambda super 2.5 EC (LSEC), on the physico-chemical and microbial characteristics of faecal sludge from toilets. The quality of faecal sludge was assessed before and after application of the chemical additives in an experimental setup of ten different treatment units including a control, and treatment replicates. The initial characteristic of the faecal sludge was slightly acidic with high content of slowly degradable organic matter. The experimental control without additives after 30 days showed reduction in BOD

Indexed as

BiodegradationCalcium carbideCharacterisationEnvironmental engineeringEnvironmental healthEnvironmental managementEnvironmental pollutionFaecal sludgeHelminth eggsLambda-cyhalothrinMass lossMicrobiologyPublic healthPublic toiletSanitisationToilet additive

Identifiers

PMID32995646

DOI10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04998

PMCPMC7511817

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.