ArticleInnovation in aging2020
Social Support, Everyday Discrimination, and Depressive Symptoms Among Older African Americans: A Longitudinal Study.
Article in Innovation in aging, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Social determinants of health as predictors of latent symptom clusters in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A secondary analysis of the HOPE consortium randomized trial.The journal of pain · 2026Trial
- Discrimination and Disordered Eating in Economically Disadvantaged Adults: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Study.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026Article
- Discrimination and depressive symptoms: the role of psychological resilience across racial and ethnic groups.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Discrimination, social support, and mental health in reproductive-aged women: the All of Us research program.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- The protective power of social connectedness: Individual vs. community influences on psychological distress in middle-aged Black adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Association of discrimination experiences with rapid subsequent changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms in US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Quality of life, religion/spirituality, and dementia risk among Black people in the US.Aging & mental health · 2025Observational
- Examining the role of socioeconomic adversity on depressive symptoms during pregnancy among non-Hispanic Black women.SSM. Mental health · 2025Article
- The Moderating Role of Educational Attainment in the Association between Social Support and Depressive Symptoms among African Americans.Sociological focus · 2025Article
- Religious participation is associated with fewer dementia diagnoses among Black people in the United States.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2024Article
- Racial differences in links between perceived discrimination, depressive symptoms, and ambulatory working memory.Aging & mental health · 2024Article
- Racial discrimination and mental health in the context of anti-Asian xenophobia: An intersecting approach of race, ethnicity, nativity, and socioeconomic status.SSM. Mental health · 2024Article
- Everyday Discrimination and Trajectories of Transdiagnostic Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety among Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Stigma and health · 2024Article
- Interpersonal discrimination and depressive symptoms among older Black and African American adults.PloS one · 2024Article
- Evaluating interpersonal discrimination and depressive symptoms as partial mediators of the effects of education on cognition: Evidence from the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR).Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Article
- Racial discrimination and 12-month and lifetime anxiety disorders among African American men and women: Findings from the National Survey of American Life.Journal of affective disorders · 2023Article
- The Interactive Effects of Education and Social Support on Cognition in African Americans.Journal of aging and health · 2022Article
- Discrimination, Racial Identity, and Hypertension Among Black Americans Across Young, Middle, and Older Adulthood.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- Discrimination and Hypertension Among Older African Americans and Caribbean Blacks: The Moderating Effects of John Henryism.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- How Skin Tone Influences Relationships Between Discrimination, Psychological Distress, and Self-Rated Mental Health Among Older African Americans.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesThe purpose of the study was to explore the long-term effects of everyday discrimination on depressive symptoms among older African Americans, as well as the moderating role of social support in this association. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsMixed-effects negative binomial regression analyses were performed on data selected from 6 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016; baseline
resultsOlder African Americans who experienced more frequent perceived discrimination had more depressive symptoms over time. Significant interactions between discrimination and perceived support from extended family and friends were found, indicating that among older African Americans who reported higher support from extended family and friends, perceived discrimination was positively associated with depressive symptoms over time. However, perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms were not longitudinally related among those who reported lower levels of perceived support. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: This is one of the few studies to examine the effects of discrimination on depressive symptoms over time and the first longitudinal study to test the role of social support in coping with discrimination in older African Americans. This study extends cross-sectional works on discrimination and mental health, indicating that experiences of discrimination can result in worse mental health over time. The significant interactions are consistent with the resource mobilization framework, which suggests that individuals who are more negatively affected by discrimination (more depressive symptoms) are more likely to reach out to friends and family to cope with discrimination.
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