Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32995337›Full record

ArticleJournal of lifestyle medicine2020

Moving Out of Shadows: Depression among the Elderly in Dehradun District of Uttarakhand, India.

Kritika Tiwari, Pradeep Aggarwal, Rakesh Kakkar, Ashitabh Tiwari

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of lifestyle medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 42% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kritika TiwariDepartment of Community Medicine, MGM Medical College and LSK Hospital, MG University, Kishanganj, Bihar, Bihar, India.
Pradeep AggarwalDepartment of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar, India.
Rakesh KakkarDepartment of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, India.
Ashitabh TiwariDepartment of Psychiatry, MGM Medical College and LSK Hospital, MG University, Kishanganj, Bihar, India.
MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital · INAll India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh · INSRM University, Andhra Pradesh · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDepression, a stigma swept under the rug, has morphed to be tabbed as the theme of World Health Day 2017 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Depression in old age is stereotypically tethered to the ageing process but it is a medical problem that has been under-researched. This study was conducted to estimate the point prevalence of depression among the elderly in Dehradun district of Uttarakhand and to identify its predictor variables.

methodsIt was a cross-sectional study conducted in Dehradun district of Uttarakhand (India) among 660 elderlies (≥60 years) from three strata (rural, urban and special groups). The Hindi version of long form of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-H) was used to identify mild and severe depression. All statistical analyses were carried out by SPSS software (version 22) at 5% level of significance.

resultsThe arithmetic mean (±SD) of GDS scores was 10.62 (±6.1). 55% elderly were found to be suffering from depression (46.8% mild and 8.2% severe depression). Bivariate analysis showed significant association of depression with increasing age, female gender, place of residence, type of family, living without spouse, financial dependency, involvement in any kind of substance abuse and suffering from some chronic morbidities like osteoarthritis, chronic respiratory illness, skin diseases, visual impairment or hearing impairment. These predictor variables were further subjected to multivariate analysis.

conclusionThe high prevalence of depression in old age and its multifactorial association tags it as a public health problem in this age group which should be recognized and managed before it becomes a health menace.

Indexed as

DepressionElderlyGeriatric Depression ScaleHindi version (GDS-H)

Identifiers

PMID32995337
PMCPMC7502891
OpenAlexW3090615291

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.