ArticlePeerJ2020
An empirical examination of sample size effects on population demographic estimates in birds using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data.
Article in PeerJ, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Quantitative synthesis of growth, reproductive, and egg production traits in Asian ducks: a meta-analysis.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Pooled it
- Imputation in the Wild: Genome-Wide Robustness and Fine-Scale Limitations of Low-Coverage Genomes in Endangered Species.Molecular ecology resources · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic genotyping elucidates the population structure and demographic history of the endangered poison frog Oophaga vicentei (Anura: Dendrobatidae).BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Article
- Evidence of Genetic Continuity in the Shortfin Mako Shark (Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Population Genomics of a Rare and a Common Wood-Inhabiting Fungal Species Across Europe.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Article
- Signals of corresponding genetic diversity loss in four warbler species exhibiting regional or range-wide declines.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Identifying the Degree of Gene Reuse During Repeated Adaptation.Molecular ecology · 2025Review
- Article
- Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Historical Gene Flow Patterns of Nine Indigenous Greek Sheep Breeds.Biology · 2025Article
- Genetic depletion does not prevent rapid evolution in island-introduced lizards.Ecology and evolution · 2023Article
- Population genomics indicate three different modes of divergence and speciation with gene flow in the green-winged teal duck complex.Molecular phylogenetics and evolution · 2023Article
- Limited Introgression between Rock-Wallabies with Extensive Chromosomal Rearrangements.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
- Signals of adaptation to agricultural stress in the genomes of two European bumblebees.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sample size is a critical aspect of study design in population genomics research, yet few empirical studies have examined the impacts of small sample sizes. We used datasets from eight diverging bird lineages to make pairwise comparisons at different levels of taxonomic divergence (populations, subspecies, and species). Our data are from loci linked to ultraconserved elements and our analyses used one single nucleotide polymorphism per locus. All individuals were genotyped at all loci, effectively doubling sample size for coalescent analyses. We estimated population demographic parameters (effective population size, migration rate, and time since divergence) in a coalescent framework using Diffusion Approximation for Demographic Inference, an allele frequency spectrum method. Using divergence-with-gene-flow models optimized with full datasets, we subsampled at sequentially smaller sample sizes from full datasets of 6-8 diploid individuals per population (with both alleles called) down to 1:1, and then we compared estimates and their changes in accuracy. Accuracy was strongly affected by sample size, with considerable differences among estimated parameters and among lineages. Effective population size parameters (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.