Observational studyOpen heart2020
Higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction in patients with schizophrenia.
Observational study in Open heart, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mortality, Revascularization, and Cardioprotective Pharmacotherapy After Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients With Severe Mental Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Mental disorders, mortality following myocardial infarction, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in England: a cohort study.European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes · 2026Article
- Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in people with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Review
- Mental Disorders as Risk Factors for New Onset Cardiovascular Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Impact of Schizophrenia on Inpatient Outcomes for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Evidence From the 2005-2020 United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- The Mental Health-Acute Coronary Syndrome Continuum: Bidirectional Pathophysiological Links and Clinical Implications.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Assessing Care of Patients with Severe Mental Illness in the Era of Primary Angioplasty Pathways for ST-elevation MI Using Artificial Intelligence Methods.Interventional cardiology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Integrating physical healthcare into psychiatry for severe mental illness: A narrative review and position statement from the ECNP PAN-Health group.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- Secondary Stroke Prevention in People With Schizophrenia.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Article
- Severe mental illness: cardiovascular risk assessment and management.European heart journal · 2024Article
- In-hospital mortality and cardiovascular treatment during hospitalization for heart failure among patients with schizophrenia: a nationwide cohort study.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2023Article
- Exploring the Association between Schizophrenia and Cardiovascular Diseases: Insights into the Role of Sigma 1 Receptor.Physiological research · 2023Review
- "It's Not Important"-The Social Constructing of Poor Physical Health as 'Normal' among People with Schizophrenia: Integrated Findings from an Ethnographic Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Severe Mental Illness.Interventional cardiology (London, England) · 2023Review
- Mortality in people with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of relative risk and aggravating or attenuating factors.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2022Article
- Mental health disorders and readmissions following acute myocardial infarction in the United States.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Multiple Aspects of Inappropriate Action of Renin-Angiotensin, Vasopressin, and Oxytocin Systems in Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- The Outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients Suffering From Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with schizophrenia are a high-risk population due to higher prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities that contribute to shorter life expectancy. PURPOSE: To investigate patients with and without schizophrenia experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in relation to guideline recommended in-hospital management, discharge medications and 5-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE: composite of all-cause mortality, rehospitalisation for reinfarction, stroke or heart failure).
methodsAll patients with schizophrenia who experienced AMI during 2000-2018 were identified (n=1008) from the nationwide Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies registry and compared with AMI patients without schizophrenia (n=2 85 325). Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariable Cox regression models were used to compare the populations.
resultsPatients with schizophrenia presented with AMI approximately 10 years earlier (median age 64 vs 73 years), and had higher prevalences of diabetes, heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. They were less likely to be invasively investigated or discharged with aspirin, P2Y12 inhibitors, ACE inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta-blockers and statins (all p<0.005). AMI patients with schizophrenia had higher adjusted risk of MACE (aHR=2.05, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.58), mortality (aHR=2.38, 95% CI 1.84 to 3.09) and hospitalisation for heart failure (aHR=1.39, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.86) compared with AMI patients without schizophrenia.
conclusionPatients with schizophrenia experienced an AMI almost 10 years earlier than patients without schizophrenia. They less often underwent invasive procedures and were less likely to be treated with guideline recommended medications at discharge, and had more than doubled risk of MACE and all-cause mortality. Improved primary and secondary preventive measures, including adherence to guideline recommendations, are warranted and may improve outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.