ReviewTobacco control2020
Impact of population tobacco control interventions on socioeconomic inequalities in smoking: a systematic review and appraisal of future research directions.
Review in Tobacco control, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of causal pathways of socioeconomic inequalities in stroke.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026Pooled it
- Contextual factors in systematic reviews: understanding public health interventions in low socioeconomic status and disadvantaged populations.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Pooled it
- Understanding the mechanisms of change in social norms around tobacco use: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Differences in the effectiveness of individual-level smoking cessation interventions by socioeconomic status.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Does socioeconomic position moderate the associations between the content and delivery features of digital behaviour change interventions for smoking cessation and intervention effectiveness? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Health psychology review · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Efficacy and utilization of smartphone applications for smoking cessation among low-income adults: Secondary analysis of the iCanQuit randomized trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Trial
- Using standalone pharmacies to reduce tobacco retailer availability: neighbourhood associations and two competing policy options in four US states.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of four tobacco tax policies on tobacco product purchasing patterns across socioeconomic groups.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- Consumer Characteristics, Tobacco Control Policies, and Disparities in Discontinued Cigarette Purchases: Evidence from U.S. Households (2010-2021).Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
- The global burden of lower respiratory infections attributable to smoking and secondhand smoke, 1990-2021, with projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the GBD 2021 study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Development and validation of the Tobacco Use Individual-level Simulation and Tracking (TwIST) Model.PloS one · 2026Article
- Global policy scan of commercial combustible tobacco product retailing regulations by WHO region.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Sex-specific global burden of cardiometabolic and respiratory diseases attributable to secondhand smoke exposure: Insights from the global burden of disease study 2021.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2025Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with tobacco and cannabis co-use in France: Results from a national representative survey.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- Public health interventions aimed at children aged 5-19 years funded by local authorities in England: a scoping review of economic analyses.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Unequal Impact of Flavored Tobacco Across Populations: From Neuroscience to Policy.Basic and clinical neuroscience · 2025Review
- SimSmoke simulation models by educational status: past and future US trends and the potential role of policy.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- SimSmoke simulation models distinguished by race/ethnicity: past and future trends and the potential role of policy.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhile price increases and targeted cessation support have been found to reduce inequalities in smoking by socioeconomic status (SES), evidence on other measures is mixed. We aimed to update the most recent (2014) previous review by identifying and appraising evidence published since 2013 on the equity impact of population tobacco control measures.
methodsSystematic searching of 10 electronic databases and hand-searching of four key journals identified 68 primary research articles published since 2013 that sought to examine the equity impact of population tobacco control measures in high-income countries with a negative socioeconomic gradient in smoking. Reported equity impacts were categorised as positive (greater impact among lower SES), neutral (no difference by SES), negative (greater impact among higher SES) or mixed/unclear.
resultsThere was substantial growth in research seeking to evaluate the equity impact of tobacco control interventions, but the majority of new studies showed mixed/unclear results. Findings for price increases and targeted cessation support continue to suggest an equity-positive impact, but limitations in the available evidence make further assessment difficult. Substantial differences in the context, scale and implementation of tobacco control policies make straightforward comparison of findings from the previous 2014 and current reviews problematic.
conclusionResearchers need to adopt more sophisticated, multidisciplinary approaches in evaluating the equity impact of tobacco control measures-developing robust measures of equity effect and using frameworks that take account of context, existing systems/processes and the likely mechanisms of action. Socioeconomic differences in intervention impact within low-income and middle-income countries require evaluation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.