ArticleFluids and barriers of the CNS2020
The incidence of obesity, venous sinus stenosis and cerebral hyperaemia in children referred for MRI to rule out idiopathic intracranial hypertension at a tertiary referral hospital: a 10 year review.
Article in Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and MRI Features in Pediatric Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Focus on Optic Nerve ADC Values.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Article
- A Lumped Parameter Modelling Study of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Suggests the CSF Formation Rate Varies with the Capillary Transmural Pressure.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Brain and intracranial volumes are both enlarged and serve as potential risk factors in normal pressure hydrocephalus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Asians: a retrospective dual-center study.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Novel Approaches to the Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2024Review
- Interrelation Between Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure, Intracranial Morphology and Venous Hemodynamics Studied by 4D Flow MRI.Clinical neuroradiology · 2024Article
- A scoping review of the discrepancies in the measurement of cerebral blood flow in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: oligemia, euvolemia or hyperemia?Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- Dilatation of the bridging cerebral cortical veins in childhood hydrocephalus suggests a malfunction of venous impedance pumping.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A perspective on spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome causation secondary to elevated venous sinus pressure.NPJ microgravity · 2022Review
- Integrated understanding of hydrocephalus - a practical approach for a complex disease.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2021Review
- The relationship between cerebral blood flow and venous sinus pressure: can hyperemia induce idiopathic intracranial hypertension?Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChildren referred to a tertiary hospital for the indication, "rule out idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)" may have an increased risk of raised venous sinus pressure. An increase in sinus pressure could be due to obesity, venous outflow stenosis or cerebral hyperemia. The purpose of this paper is to define the incidence of each of these variables in these children.
methodsFollowing a data base review, 42 children between the ages of 3 and 15 years were found to have been referred over a 10 year period. The body mass index was assessed. The cross sectional areas and circumferences of the venous sinuses were measured at 4 levels to calculate the hydraulic and effective diameters. The arterial inflow, sagittal and straight sinus outflows were measured. Automatic cerebral volumetry allowed the brain volume and cerebral blood flow (CBF) to be calculated. The optic nerve sheath diameter was used as a surrogate marker of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). The sagittal sinus percentage venous return was used as a surrogate marker of elevated venous pressure. Age and sex matched control groups were used for comparison.
resultsCompared to controls, the obesity rates were not significantly different in this cohort. Compared to controls, those at risk for IIH had a 17% reduction in transverse sinus and 14% reduction in sigmoid sinus effective cross sectional area (p = 0.005 and 0.0009). Compared to controls, the patients at risk for IIH had an arterial inflow increased by 34% (p < 0.0001) with a 9% larger brain volume (p = 0.02) giving an increase in CBF of 22% (p = 0.005). The sagittal and straight sinus venous return were reduced by 11% and 4% respectively (p < 0.0001 and 0.0009) suggesting raised venous sinus pressure. Forty five percent of the patients were classified as hyperemic and these had optic nerve sheath diameters 17% larger than controls (p < 0.0002) suggesting raised ICP.
conclusionIn children with the chronic headache/ IIH spectrum, the highest associations were with cerebral hyperemia and mild venous sinus stenosis. Obesity was not significantly different in this cohort. There is evidence to suggest hyperemia increases the venous sinus pressure and ICP.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.