ArticleBMC veterinary research2020
Molecular prevalence of emerging Anaplasma and Ehrlichia pathogens in apparently healthy dairy cattle in peri-urban Nairobi, Kenya.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anaplasma platys beyond canines: a systematic review of host range, phylogenetic relatedness, and knowledge gaps in Africa.Parasites & vectors · 2026Pooled it
- Tick-Borne Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of Pathogens, Research Focus, and Implications for Public Health.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Data release: targeted systematic literature search for tick and tick-borne pathogen distributions in six countries in sub-Saharan Africa from 1901 to 2020.Parasites & vectors · 2024Pooled it
- Haematology, serum biochemistry, innate and adaptive immune system responses to blood pathogen infections in cattle: A review.Parasitology research · 2026Review
- An Integrative Assessment ofJournal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Molecular characterisation of tick-borne pathogens in cattle in kenya: insights from blood, ticks, and skin swab analyses.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Article
- High serological and molecular prevalence of Ehrlichia canis and other vector-borne pathogens in dogs from Boa Vista Island, Cape Verde.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Snapshot Study of the Family Anaplasmataceae,Journal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaplasmosis in Simmental Cattle in the Peruvian Amazon.Veterinary medicine international · 2024Article
- Development of a novel Haemabiome tool for the high-throughput analysis of haemopathogen species co-infections in African livestock.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Review
- Tick-borne diseases in Egypt: A one health perspective.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Review
- The first molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of tick-borne pathogens in captive wild animals from Lohi Bher zoo, Pakistan.Parasitology research · 2022Article
- Detection of Tick-Borne Bacterial and Protozoan Pathogens in Ticks from the Zambia-Angola Border.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- High diversity ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Molecular prevalence and risk factors associated with tick-borne pathogens in cattle in western Kenya.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- Development of a Multiplex PCR and Magnetic DNA Capture Assay for Detecting Six Species Pathogens of the GeneraPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Prevalence of Ticks Infesting Dairy Cattle and the Pathogens They Harbour in Smallholder Farms in Peri-Urban Areas of Nairobi, Kenya.Veterinary medicine international · 2021Article
- Screening and Analysis ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundAnaplasma and Ehrlichia species are tick-borne pathogens of both veterinary and public health importance. The current status of these pathogens, including emerging species such as Ehrlichia minasensis and Anaplasma platys, infecting cattle in Kenya, remain unclear, mainly because of limitation in the diagnostic techniques. Therefore, we investigated the Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species infecting dairy cattle in Nairobi, Kenya using molecular methods.
resultsA total of 306 whole blood samples were collected from apparently healthy dairy cattle. Whole blood DNA was extracted and tested for presence of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia DNA through amplification and sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene. Sequence identity was confirmed using BLASTn analysis while phylogenetic reconstruction was performed to determine the genetic relationship between the Kenyan isolates and other annotated genotypes available in GenBank. Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species were detected in 19.9 and 3.3% of all the samples analyzed, respectively. BLASTn analysis of the sequences against non-redundant GenBank nucleotide database revealed infections with A. platys (44.8%), A. marginale (31%) and A. bovis (13.8%). All four sequenced Ehrlichia spp. were similar to Ehrlichia minasensis. Nucleotide polymorphism was observed for A. platys, A. bovis and E. minasensis. The Anaplasma species clustered in four distinct phylogenetic clades including A. marginale, A. platys, A. bovis and some unidentified Anaplasma spp. The Kenyan Ehrlichia minasensis clustered in the same clade with isolates from America and Australia but distant from E. ruminantium.
conclusionThis study provides the first report of infection of dairy cattle in Kenya with A. platys and E. minasensis, which are emerging pathogens. We conclude that cattle in peri-urban Nairobi are infected with various species of Anaplasma and E. minasensis. To understand the extent of these infections in other parts of the country, large-scale screening studies as well as vector identification is necessary to inform strategic control.
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