ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2020
Environment and Lifestyle: Their Influence on the Risk of RA.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early-life animal and farming exposures and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: findings from the E3N French cohort study.RMD open · 2025Trial
- The Gut Microbiota in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Evaluation of Microbial Profiles, Disease Activity, Biomarkers, and Treatment Response.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2026Review
- Birth length and perinatal exposures and rheumatoid arthritis risk in the E3N cohort.RMD open · 2026Observational
- Article
- Musculoskeletal disorders in women of childbearing age: global trends, socio-demographic disparities, and future projections.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- The genetic puzzle of rheumatoid arthritis: Causes, progression, and treatment.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Differences in Salivary Cytokinome and Pathogen Load Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Disease Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Walking pace is a protective factor for rheumatoid arthritis: a mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Emerging Landscape ofACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Review
- Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis Onset: A Prospective Analysis Using the UK Biobank.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Epigenome association study for DNA methylation biomarkers in buccal and monocyte cells for female rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The Genetic, Environmental, and Immunopathological Complexity of Autoantibody-Negative Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Gut Microbiota-Modulated Metabolomic Profiling Shapes the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Is Rheumatoid Arthritis Related to Coffee Consumption in Korea? A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Observational Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Observational
- The Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound Huangqin Qingre Chubi Capsule Inhibits the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Through the CUL4B/Wnt Pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Causal Association of Coffee Consumption and Total, Knee, Hip and Self-Reported Osteoarthritis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex disease in which environmental agents are thought to interact with genetic factors that lead to triggering of autoimmunity.
methodsWe reviewed environmental, hormonal, and dietary factors that have been suggested to be associated with the risk of RA.
resultsSmoking is the most robust factor associated with the risk of RA, with a clear gene-environment interaction. Among other inhalants, silica may increase the risk of RA in men. There is less evidence for pesticides, pollution, and other occupational inhalants. Regarding female hormonal exposures, there is some epidemiological evidence, although not consistent in the literature, to suggest a link between hormonal factors and the risk of RA. Regarding dietary factors, available evidence is conflicting. A high consumption of coffee seems to be associated with an increased risk of RA, whereas a moderate consumption of alcohol is inversely associated with the risk of RA, and there is less evidence regarding other food groups. Dietary pattern analyses (Mediterranean diet, the inflammatory potential of the diet, or diet quality) suggested a potential benefit of dietary modifications for individuals at high risk of RA.
conclusionTo date, smoking and silica exposure have been reproducibly demonstrated to trigger the emergence of RA. However, many other environmental factors have been studied, mostly with a case-control design. Results were conflicting and studies rarely considered potential gene-environment interactions. There is a need for large scale prospective studies and studies in predisposed individuals to better understand and prevent the disease and its course.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.