ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Spatial and Temporal Changes in PD-L1 Expression in Cancer: The Role of Genetic Drivers, Tumor Microenvironment and Resistance to Therapy.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Value of Programmed Death Ligand-1 Expression in Solid Tumors Irrespective of Immunotherapy Exposure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2022Pooled it
- β-glucan combined with Envafolimab and Endostar as immune rechallenge for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.BMC immunology · 2024Trial
- The interplay of the lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 and the soluble immune checkpoint proteins sPD-1/sPD-L1 in breast cancer: tumor-immune cross-talk.Bioscience reports · 2026Article
- Inhibition of protein kinase CK2 remodels the tumor immune microenvironment and sensitizes lung cancer to PD-L1 blockade.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Article
- Complete Response to the Combination of Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Stage IV Nasal Adenocarcinoma of a Dog: A Case Report.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- NOHA as a key biomarker to link NOS2 activity to immune checkpoint and cytokine signaling in ER-negative breast cancer.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Radiomic features of CECT and SUVmax of dual-tracer PET/CT reveal PD-L1 spatial heterogeneity in PDAC.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2026Article
- Dual biomarker role of PD-L1 and LC3B in glioblastoma: prognostic and therapeutic potential.Neurosurgical review · 2026Review
- STING-mediated tumor microenvironment remodeling: turning adaptive resistance into therapeutic vulnerability.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Emerging ImmunoPET probes for precision cancer immunotherapy: molecular targets and translational applications.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Drug resistance in cancer: molecular mechanisms and emerging treatment strategies.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Circulating tumor cells: advancing personalized therapy in small cell lung cancer patients.Molecular oncology · 2025Review
- Spatial analysis identifies DC niches as predictors of pembrolizumab therapy in head and neck squamous cell cancer.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- IL-32-producing CD8+ memory T cells define immunoregulatory niches in human cutaneous leishmaniasis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Review
- A Multispecific Checkpoint Inhibitor Nanofitin with a Fast Tumor Accumulation Property and Anti-Tumor Activity in Immune Competent Mice.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Circulating free DNA as a predictive biomarker for response to nivolumab and platinum-based chemotherapy in metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma: a prospective pilot study.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Bioorthogonal Diels-Alder Click Chemistry-Based Pretargeted PET Imaging Strategy for Monitoring Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Transmural Flow Upregulates PD-L1 Expression in Microvascular Networks.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Exploring the dynamics of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 in canine lymphoma: unraveling mRNA amount, surface membrane expression and plasmatic levels.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapies blocking immune inhibitory receptors programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) on T-cells have dramatically improved patient outcomes in a range of advanced cancers. However, the lack of response, and the development of resistance remain major obstacles to long-term improvements in patient outcomes. There is significant interest in the clinical use of biomarkers to improve patient selection, and the expression of PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) is often reported as a potential biomarker of response. However, accumulating evidence suggests that the predictive value of PD-L1 expression in tumor biopsies is relatively low due, in part, to its complex biology. In this review, we discuss the biological consequences of PD-L1 expression by various cell types within the tumor microenvironment, and the complex mechanisms that regulate PD-L1 expression at the genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic levels.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.