ArticleGlobal public health2021
Depression and delayed tuberculosis treatment initiation among newly diagnosed patients in Botswana.
Article in Global public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mediating Role of Depression and Anxiety in the Association Between Food Insecurity and Delayed TB Treatment in Botswana: A Cross-Sectional Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Longitudinal associations among insomnia, stigma, social support, and depressive symptoms in tuberculosis: evidence from RI-CLPM and LGCM.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Patients', caregivers' and healthcare workers' perspectives on integrating anxiety care in tuberculosis services in Pakistan: a qualitative interview study.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Article
- Methodologies for studying depression in persons with tuberculosis: A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Methodologies for studying depression in persons living with tuberculosis: Protocol for a scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- Stigma, depression, quality of life, and the need for psychosocial support among people with tuberculosis in Indonesia: A multi-site cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Association between depression or anxiety symptoms and immune-inflammatory characteristics in in-patients with tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Anxiety, stress, and quality of life in patients with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Industrial psychiatry journalReview
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Comorbidity of tuberculosis (TB) and depression may lead to delayed TB treatment initiation. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and December 2019 to examine the association between depression and delayed TB treatment initiation among newly diagnosed TB patients in Botswana. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the ZUNG self-rating anxiety scale to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Delayed TB treatment was defined as experiencing common TB symptoms for more than 2 months before treatment initiation. We used Poisson regression models with robust variance to assess the association between covariates and delayed treatment initiation. Majority of the enrolled 180 study participants were males (n =116, 64.4%). Overall, 99 (55%) were co-infected with HIV; depression and anxiety symptoms were reported by 47.2% and 38.5% of the participants respectively. The prevalence of delayed TB treatment was 42.6% and 18.8% among participants who indicated symptoms of depression and among participants without depression respectively. After adjusting for age, HIV status, gender and anxiety symptoms, depression was still associated with delayed TB treatment (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 2.09; 95% CI = 1.23-3.57). Integrating management of depressive symptoms during TB treatment may help in improving overall TB treatment outcomes.
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