Observational studyMedicina intensiva2021
[HLA genetic polymorphisms and prognosis of patients with COVID-19].
Observational study in Medicina intensiva, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationships Between Polymorphisms in HLA-G 3'UTR Region and COVID-19 Disease Severity.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- ACE I/D polymorphism is a risk factor for the clinical severity of COVID-19 in Brazilian male patients.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- The demographic, laboratory and genetic factors associated with long Covid-19 syndrome: a case-control study.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Association between mannose binding lectin gene polymorphisms and clinical severity of COVID-19 in children.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- The Association of Human Leukocyte Antigen and COVID-19 in Southern China.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel disease in context of SARS-COV-2 infection.Molecular biology reports · 2021Review
- Observational
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveDifferent genetic polymorphisms of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) have been associated with the risk and prognosis of autoimmune and infectious diseases. The objectives of this study were to determine whether there is an association between HLA genetic polymorphisms and the susceptibility to and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.
designObservational and prospective study.
settingEight Intensive Care Units (ICU) from 6 hospitals of Canary Islands (Spain). PATIENTS: COVID-19 patients admitted in ICU and healthy subjects.
interventionsDetermination of HLA genetic polymorphisms. MAIN VARIABLE OF INTEREST: Mortality at 30 days.
resultsA total of 3886 healthy controls and 72 COVID-19 patients (10 non-survivors and 62 survivor patients at 30 days) were included. We found a trend to a higher rate of the alleles HLA-A*32 (p=0.004) in healthy controls than in COVID-19 patients, and of the alleles HLA-B*39 (p=0.02) and HLA-C*16 (p=0.02) in COVID-19 patients than in healthy controls; however, all these p-values were not significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of certain alleles was associated with higher mortality, such as the allele HLA-A*11 after controlling for SOFA (OR=7.693; 95% CI=1.063-55.650; p=0.04) or APACHE-II (OR=11.858; 95% CI=1.524-92.273; p=0.02), the allele HLA-C*01 after controlling for SOFA (OR=11.182; 95% CI=1.053-118.700; p=0.04) or APACHE-II (OR=17.604; 95% CI=1.629-190.211; p=0.02), and the allele HLA-DQB1*04 after controlling for SOFA (OR=9.963; 95% CI=1.235-80.358; p=0.03).
conclusionsThe new finding from our preliminary study of small sample size was that HLA genetic polymorphisms could be associated with COVID-19 mortality; however, studies with a larger sample size before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
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