Trial reportJournal of the National Cancer Institute2021
Race, Ethnicity, and Clinical Outcomes in Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative, Node-Negative Breast Cancer in the Randomized TAILORx Trial.
Trial report in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Systemic treatment of breast cancer: professional guideline].Magyar onkologia · 2025Guideline
- Assessing racial disparities in disease outcomes of patients with high-risk, triple-negative breast cancer and residual disease after neoadjuvant therapy: a post-hoc analysis of the ECOG-ACRIN 1131 clinical trial.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Trial
- Race and clinical outcomes in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, node-positive breast cancer in the randomized RxPONDER trial.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Trial
- Racial disparities in outcomes of patients with stage I-III triple-negative breast cancer after adjuvant chemotherapy: a post-hoc analysis of the E5103 randomized trial.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Trial
- Racial disparities in breast cancer: looking beyond the recurrence score.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Breast Cancer: Epidemiology, Molecular Classification, Diagnostics and Evolving Treatment Paradigms.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Topology-Based Biomarkers Accurately Predict Breast Cancer Outcome and Survival.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Impact of Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Clinicopathologic Features on Clinical Outcomes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in the ECOG-ACRIN EA1131 Trial.JCO oncology advances · 2026Article
- Identification of racial disparities across MammaPrint and BluePrint subtypes in HR + HER2- breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- Racial disparity in pro-metastatic tumor microenvironment in treatment naïve breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- Impact of Ethnic Differences and HER2 Protein Expression on the Age at Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Mixed Methods Study.Cancer management and research · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based prognostic model for triple-negative breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Enrollment Patterns and Site-Level Predictors of Black Participant Recruitment to a Multisite Randomized Cancer Clinical Trial.JCO oncology advances · 2025Article
- Biology is Queen: The Oncotype DX 21-Gene Recurrence Score Has Stronger Prognostic Ability than Lymph Node Burden for Patients with Breast Cancer.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Barriers to endocrine therapy adherence: perspectives of Black breast cancer survivors and their providers.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Real-world data of CanAssist Breast- first immunohistochemistry and AI-based prognostic test.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Real-world effectiveness of palbociclib plus an aromatase inhibitor in HR+/HER2- MBC patients living in disadvantaged neighborhoods.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Genetic Ancestry and 21-Gene Oncotype DX Breast Cancer Recurrence Scores.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Exploring racial differences in second-harmonic-generation-based prognostic indicators of metastasis in breast and colon cancer.Biophotonics discovery · 2025Article
- Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
28 authors at 20 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlack race is associated with worse outcomes in early breast cancer. We evaluated clinicopathologic characteristics, the 21-gene recurrence score (RS), treatment delivered, and clinical outcomes by race and ethnicity among women who participated in the Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment.
methodsThe association between clinical outcomes and race (White, Black, Asian, other or unknown) and ethnicity (Hispanic vs non-Hispanic) was examined using proportional hazards models. All P values are 2-sided.
resultsOf 9719 eligible women with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, node-negative breast cancer, there were 8189 (84.3%) Whites, 693 (7.1%) Blacks, 405 (4.2%) Asians, and 432 (4.4%) with other or unknown race. Regarding ethnicity, 889 (9.1%) were Hispanic. There were no substantial differences in RS or ESR1, PGR, or HER2 RNA expression by race or ethnicity. After adjustment for other covariates, compared with White race, Black race was associated with higher distant recurrence rates (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.60, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.07 to 2.41) and worse overall survival in the RS 11-25 cohort (HR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.06 to 2.15) and entire population (HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.90). Hispanic ethnicity and Asian race were associated with better outcomes. There was no evidence of chemotherapy benefit for any racial or ethnic group in those with a RS of 11-25.
conclusionsBlack women had worse clinical outcomes despite similar 21-gene assay RS results and comparable systemic therapy in the Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment. Similar to Whites, Black women did not benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy if the 21-gene RS was 11-25. Further research is required to elucidate the basis for this racial disparity in prognosis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.