Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32985990›Full record

ArticleJMIR research protocols2020

Country-Level Assessment of Missed Opportunities for Vaccination in South Africa: Protocol for Multilevel Analysis.

Duduzile Ndwandwe, Ntombenhle J Ngcobo, Abdu A Adamu, Chukwudi Nnaji, Thandiwe Mashunye, Arlette M Leufak, Sara Cooper, Olalekan A Uthman, Charles S Wiysonge

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR research protocols, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Duduzile NdwandweCochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7129-3865
Ntombenhle J NgcoboCochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9666-6127
Abdu A AdamuCentre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3317-1319
Chukwudi NnajiCochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4132-1922
Thandiwe MashunyeSchool of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-439X
Arlette M LeufakCochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-6057
Sara CooperCochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9894-236X
Olalekan A UthmanCentre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8567-3081
Charles S WiysongeCochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1273-4779

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVaccination is one of the greatest public health interventions of all time. Vaccination coverage in South Africa has shown a steady improvement in reaching the national target. However, while there is progress nationally, there are districts within the country that are below the set target for vaccination coverage. One of the main drivers of suboptimal vaccination coverage is thought to be missed opportunities for vaccination.

objectiveThis study aims to understand the magnitude and determinants of missed opportunities for vaccination in South Africa.

methodsThe 2016 South African Demographic and Health Survey will be used to conduct multilevel regression analyses to determine individual and contextual factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination in South Africa. The perspectives of parents attending health care facilities in South Africa will be explored through exit interviews and focus group discussions. Similarly, perspectives of the health care providers will be sought to understand enablers and barriers to vaccination coverage at the facility level. Insights to such factors will aid in designing tailor-made interventions to improve vaccination coverage in South Africa.

resultsEthical review submission is planned for October 2020. Data collection is expected to be underway in January 2021.

conclusionsThe extent of missed opportunities in South Africa coupled with the associated factors presents an opportunity for efforts to increase uptake in districts where vaccination coverage is below the national target. Population-level data such as those from the 2016 South African Demographic Health Survey will provide an idea of the magnitude of missed opportunities for vaccination in South Africa at the national and subnational levels. The findings of the study will inform national and subnational policy implementation on vaccinations and help to find context-specific interventions to improve vaccination coverage. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/16672.

Indexed as

implementation sciencemissed opportunities for vaccinationSouth Africavaccination coverage

Identifiers

PMID32985990
PMCPMC7551109

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.