ArticleAACE clinical case reports
AUTOIMMUNE DIABETES IN A PATIENT WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ON ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY WITH LITERATURE REVIEW.
Article in AACE clinical case reports. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- An HIV-Infected Patient Developed Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome After Antiretroviral Therapy and Was Diagnosed with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia, Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults, and Hashimoto Thyroiditis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient with antiretroviral therapy-induced immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- New-onset type 1 diabetes and Graves' disease after antiretroviral therapy in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDiabetes that develops in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals is typically classified as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although less commonly reported, it has been shown that autoimmune diabetes can also develop in this population.
methodsWe present a case of a patient found to have autoimmune diabetes following initiation of anti-retroviral therapy.
resultsA 68-year-old, African American man with human immunodeficiency virus had a nadir CD4 count of 2 cells/μL, which improved with anti-retroviral therapy. He was subsequently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus but developed worsening glycemic control. Further investigation demonstrated an elevated glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody level >250 IU/mL and a declining C peptide level from 1.82 ng/mL to 0.56 ng/mL. He was ultimately diagnosed with autoimmune diabetes that was treated with insulin glargine and insulin aspart with improvement in his glycemic control.
conclusionAutoimmune diabetes in this case was attributed to immune reconstitution after anti-retroviral therapy led to recovery from a significantly low CD4 count. While this phenomenon has been described in previous case reports, our case was unique in that autoimmune diabetes affected an older African American man, a different demographic than previously reported. Although the true mechanism of this association remains unknown, the recognition of autoimmune diabetes is crucial as it greatly impacts diabetes management.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.