ReviewClinical optometry2020
Accommodative Insufficiency: Prevalence, Impact and Treatment Options.
Review in Clinical optometry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accommodative responses stimulated from the Maddox components of vergence in participants with normal binocular vision.Journal of vision · 2025Trial
- Defocus Curve and Satisfaction of Patients with Presbyopia After LASIK Using the Differential Modulation of Binocular Longitudinal Spherical Aberration.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Trial
- Review
- Frequency of Convergence Insufficiency Among Young Adults in a University Population.The British and Irish orthoptic journal · 2026Article
- Cervical Oculopathy: The Cervical Spine Etiology of Visual Symptoms and Eye Diseases-A Hypothesis Exploring Mechanisms Linking the Neck and the Eye.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Validation of Binocular Vision and Ocular Surface Assessment Tools in Digital Eye Strain Syndrome: The DESIROUS Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Accommodative and binocular characteristics in myopes with age-related accommodation deficiency.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Comparison of visual quality after Q value-guided FS-LASIK and SMILE for correction of myopia with age-related accommodation deficiency.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Performance of teenaged action video game players on the Developmental Eye Movement and King-Devick tests.PloS one · 2025Article
- Binocular vision disorders and refractive errors on university students' quality of life.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Classification of accommodative insufficiency by monocular subjective push-up test is poorly predictive of monocular objective amplitudes in children and young adults.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Article
- The Prevalence of Accommodative and Binocular Dysfunctions in Children with Reading Difficulties.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Refractive Errors, Amplitude of Accommodation, and Myopia Progression in Kazakhstani Medical Students: 5-Year Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Near-Vision-Related Symptoms in a University Population.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Influence of Blood Glycemia Levels in Refraction, Binocular Vision and Accommodation: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2024Article
- Precision Concussion Management: Approaches to Quantifying Head Injury Severity and Recovery.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Comparison of the Amplitude of Accommodation Measured Using a New-Generation Closed-Field Autorefractor with Conventional Subjective Methods.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Binocular vision findings in normally-sighted school aged children who used digital devices.PloS one · 2022Article
- Prevalence of refractive errors and non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies in symptomatic and asymptomatic university students in Saudi Arabia.Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAccommodative insufficiency (AI), defined as the inability to stimulate accommodation in pre-presbyopic individuals, has gained much attention over recent years. Despite the enormity of the available information, there is a significant lack of clarity regarding the criteria for definition, methodology adopted for testing and diagnosis, and the varied prevalence across the globe. This review aims to gather evidence that is pertinent to the prevalence, impact and efficacy of available treatment options for AI.
methodsPubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Collaboration search engines were used with the keywords prevalence, accommodative insufficiency, symptoms, plus lens, vision therapy and treatment. Peer-reviewed articles published between 1992 and 2019 were included in the review. After reviewing the studies for study methodology and robustness, 83 articles were chosen for this literature review.
resultsThe prevalence of AI ranges between <1.00% and 61.6% across studies. The prevalence shows considerable variation across ethnicities and age groups. There is significant variation in the study methodology, diagnostic criteria and number of tests performed to arrive at the diagnosis. Not many studies have explored the prevalence beyond 20 years of age. The prevalence of AI is high among children with special needs. There is no high-quality evidence regarding the standard treatment protocol for AI. Both vision therapy and low plus lenses have shown efficacy in independent studies, and no studies have compared these two treatment options.
conclusionThe understanding of AI prevalence is currently limited owing to the lack of a standard set of diagnostic criteria and wide variations in the study methodology. There is a lack of high-quality evidence suggesting the best possible treatment for AI. The current gaps in the literature have been identified and future scope for exploration is elucidated.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.