ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2020
Bone-Targeting Liposome-Encapsulated Salvianic Acid A Improves Nonunion Healing Through the Regulation of HDAC3-Mediated Endochondral Ossification.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decoding Epigenetic Switches: How Histone Acetylation/Deacetylation Regulates Mononuclear/Macrophage Fate in Bone Disorders.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Screening and validation of autophagy-related mRNAs and lncRNAs in bone nonunion based on transcriptome sequencing analysis.Human cell · 2025Article
- Salvianolic Acid A Mitigates Osteoporotic Bone Loss by Repressing Reactive Oxygen Species via the Nrf2-HO-1 Pathway.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2025Article
- Liposomes as Imaging Agents of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Bone Implants.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- An electrostatic encapsulation strategy to motivate 3D-printed polyelectrolyte scaffolds for repair of osteoporotic bone defects.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Synthetic Vesicle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Oral Disease Therapy: Current Applications and Future Directions.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- β-catenin mRNA encapsulated in SM-102 lipid nanoparticles enhances bone formation in a murine tibia fracture repair model.Bioactive materials · 2024Article
- Exploring calcium-free alternatives in endochondral bone repair tested onRegenerative therapy · 2024Review
- Preparation of a novel antibacterial magnesium carbonate coating on a titanium surface and itsRSC advances · 2024Article
- Advances in the Application of Black Phosphorus-Based Composite Biomedical Materials in the Field of Tissue Engineering.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Integrating osteoimmunology and nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems for enhanced fracture healing.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2024Review
- Expanding the therapeutic potential ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Lipid Nanoparticles and Liposomes for Bone Diseases Treatment.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound-Loaded Materials in Bone Regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Bioactive Scaffolds Integrated with Liposomal or Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Regeneration.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimNonunion is a major complication in fracture repair and remains a challenge in orthopaedics and trauma surgery. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment of nonunion with a large radial defect using a bone-targeting liposome-encapsulated salvianic acid A (SAA-BTL)-incorporated collagen sponge and further elucidate whether the effects were closely related to histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC 3)-mediated endochondral ossification in nonunion healing process.
methodsFifteen New Zealand female rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Segmental radius critical size defects (15 mm) were created via surgery on both the forelimbs of the rabbits. The SAA-BTL/SAA/saline-incorporated collagen sponges were implanted into the defects in the three groups, respectively, for four weeks of treatment. X-ray imaging, micro-computed tomography (CT) analysis, histology, and immunofluorescence analysis (HDAC3, collagen II, VEGFA, and osteocalcin) were performed to determine the effects of the treatments. In addition, a short interfering RNA was applied to induce HDAC3 knockdown in the chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 to investigate the roles of HDAC3 and SAA intervention in endochondral ossification in nonunion healing.
resultsX-ray imaging and micro-CT results revealed that SAA-BTL-incorporated collagen sponges significantly stimulated bone formation in the nonunion defect rabbit model. Furthermore, immunofluorescence double staining and histology analysis confirmed that SAA-BTL significantly increased the expression of P-HDAC3, collagen II, RUNX2, VEGFA, and osteocalcin in vivo; accelerated endochondral ossification turnover from cartilage to bone; and promoted long bone healing of nonunion defects. ATDC5 cells knocked down for HDAC3 showed significantly decreased expression of HDAC3, which resulted in reduced expression of chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis biomarker genes (Sox9, Col10a1, VEGFA, RUNX2, and Col1a1), and increased expression of extracellular matrix degradation marker (MMP13). SAA treatment reversed these effects in the HDAC3 knockdown cell model.
conclusionSAA-BTL can improve nonunion healing through the regulation of HDAC3-mediated endochondral ossification.
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