ArticleAnnals of neurosciences2020
Possible Pharmacodynamic Interaction of Azelnidipine with Citicoline Against Ischemic Brain Injury: Behavioral, Biochemical and Histological Alterations.
Article in Annals of neurosciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of citicoline on brain mitochondrial dysfunction induced in rats after head irradiation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Citicoline: pharmacological and clinical review, 2022 update.Revista de neurologia · 2022Review
- Potential protective effects of Azelnidipine against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in male rats.Journal of medicine and life · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCurrently, no drug has been approved for the management of postischemic neuronal damage. Existing studies show that calcium channel blockers have neuroprotective properties, while citicoline is involved in maintaining neuronal integrity. PURPOSE: This study was envisaged to investigate the effect of azelnidipine (novel calcium channel blocker) alone and in combination with citicoline (phosphatidyl-choline analogue) against ischemic brain damage in Wistar rats.
methodsPreviously standardized bilateral common carotid artery occlusion model was used to induce cerebral ischemic injury in Wistar rats. Pretreatment with azelnidipine (1.5 mg/Kg and 3 mg/Kg;
resultsAzelnidipine and citicoline were found to protect the brain from progressive neuronal damage as seen by improved sensorimotor behavior (locomotion, rota rod, and beam balance performance) and reduced oxidative stress (decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, increased glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD)). Impairment of mitochondrial enzyme system and increase in the infarct area were found to be arrested by individual treatments with azelnidipine and citicoline. These effects were further potentiated synergistically as the combination of citicoline and azelnidipine was found to decrease glutamate levels, caspase-3 activity and histological alterations as compared to their individual effects.
conclusionAzelnidipine and citicoline synergistically decrease excitotoxic and oxidative damage against ischemic brain injury in Wistar rats and, therefore, propose a clinically relevant combination for the prevention of postischemic neuronal damage.
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