Trial reportMusculoskeletal surgery2022
Continuous adductor canal block is superior to adductor canal block alone or adductor canal block combined with IPACK block (interspace between the popliteal artery and the posterior capsule of knee) in postoperative analgesia and ambulation following total knee arthroplasty: randomized control trial.
Trial report in Musculoskeletal surgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Different peripheral nerve blocks for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical effects of interspace between the popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee block with multimodal analgesia for total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2023Pooled it
- IPACK (Interspace between the Popliteal Artery and the Capsule of the Posterior Knee) Block Combined with SACB (Single Adductor Canal Block) Versus SACB for Analgesia after Total Knee Arthroplasty.Orthopaedic surgery · 2022Pooled it
- iPACK block (local anesthetic infiltration of the interspace between the popliteal artery and the posterior knee capsule) added to the adductor canal blocks versus the adductor canal blocks in the pain management after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2022Pooled it
- Analgesic Effect of Intermittent Multiple IPACK Block Combined with ACB in Patients with Flexion Contracture Knee Arthritis Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty.The journal of knee surgery · 2025Article
- Management of Postoperative Pain Following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Level I Evidence-Based Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- The Efficacy of Continuous Adductor Canal Block Oblique Approach to Postoperative Analgesia After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Controlled Clinical Trial.Anesthesiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Comparing Different Multimodal Analgesia Protocols for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty-A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- IPACK Block Efficacy for Acute Pain Management after Total Knee Replacement: A Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
- Periarticular injection, iPACK block, and peripheral nerve block in pain management after total knee arthroplasty: a structured narrative review.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2023Review
- Evaluation of Postoperative Analgesic Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Suprainguinal Fascia Iliaca Block in Knee Arthroplasty: Prospective, Randomized, Feasibility Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Peripheral Nerve Catheter Reduces Postoperative Opioid Consumption and Pain in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty.Arthroplasty today · 2023Article
- Early Postoperative Pain Control and Inflammation for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Comparison of Continuous Adductor Canal Block versus Single-Shot Adductor Canal Block Combined with Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia.Emergency medicine international · 2022Article
- Ultrasound-Guided Local Anesthetic Infiltration Between the Popliteal Artery and the Capsule of the Posterior Knee (IPACK) Block for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Local and regional anesthesia · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundACB is given as single injection or as continuous block or combined with IPACK block (interspace between the popliteal artery and the posterior capsule of knee) to reduce postoperative knee pain after total knee arthroplasty. The aim of this study is to evaluate the technique of ACB that is superior in controlling postoperative pain, decrease opioid consumption and facilitate ambulation in the immediate postoperative period.
methodsA total of 171 patients were analyzed from a group of 180 patients who were randomized into three groups: (1) ACB alone, (2) continuous ACB infusion via catheter (CACB) and (3) ACB combined with IPACK. The primary outcome was pain at rest and after ambulation measured by VAS scale every 8 h till 48 h after surgery. The secondary outcome measures were opioid consumption in morphine equivalents, ambulation distance measured in feet on postoperative day 2, timed up and go test, 30 s chair stand test, sitting active extension lag test and maximal knee flexion at discharge.
resultsVAS score at rest and after ambulation, opioid consumption was significantly lower (p < 0.05%) in CACB group compared to other study groups. Similarly, patients in CACB showed significantly (p < 0.05%) better results in the secondary outcome measures. There were no significant differences in the outcomes between ACB and ACB combined with IPACK.
conclusionCACB allows better pain control and less opioid consumption in the immediate postoperative period after TKA compared to ACB alone or ACB with IPACK resulting in better ambulation and rehabilitation. Clinical Trial Registration Number CTRI/2019/03/018239 registered on March 25, 2019.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.