ReviewJornal de pediatria
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a comprehensive review and pathophysiological considerations.
Review in Jornal de pediatria. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of COVID-19 on Retinal and Choroidal Microvasculature in the Pediatric Population: A Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- COVID-19 Infection in Pediatric Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Center in Jordan: Clinical Characteristics and Age-Related Patterns.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluation of various blood biomarkers associated with the outcomes of patients with COVID‑19 treated in intensive care units.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Article
- Rapid Triage of Children with Suspected COVID-19 Using Laboratory-Based Machine-Learning Algorithms.Viruses · 2023Article
- COVID-19 and Cardiac Implications-Still a Mystery in Clinical Practice.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Description of COVID-19 outbreaks in childcare facilities in Alberta, March 2020 to December 31, 2021.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- Neurological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the pediatric population.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Long-Term Effect of COVID-19 on Lung Imaging and Function, Cardiorespiratory Symptoms, Fatigue, Exercise Capacity, and Functional Capacity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- COVID in Pediatric Age: an opinion paper.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2022Review
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Manifestations in Children with COVID-19 and Their Relationship to Clinical Course.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2022Article
- Intriguing new faces of Covid-19: persisting clinical symptoms and cardiac effects in children.Cardiology in the young · 2022Article
- Renal manifestations of COVID 19 in children.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Review
- Changes in HDL cholesterol, particles, and function associate with pediatric COVID-19 severity.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Review of COVID-19, part 1: Abdominal manifestations in adults and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.Clinical imaging · 2021Review
- Article
- Clinical Patterns and Morphology of COVID-19 Dermatology.Dermatologic clinics · 2021Review
- COVID-19 Pediatric Dermatology.Dermatologic clinics · 2021Review
- Neurological Effects of COVID-19 in Children.Pediatric clinics of North America · 2021Review
- Does Covid-19 in children have a milder course than Influenza?International journal of clinical practice · 2021Article
- Evaluation of cutaneous symptoms in children infected with COVID-19.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this review was to summarize the most common extrapulmonary manifestations in pediatric patients with COVID-19, as well as to discuss clinical, epidemiological, and pathophysiological aspects of these clinical presentations in children. SOURCE OF DATA: An extensive search of literature was performed in order to identify pediatric cases with extrapulmonary manifestations between January 1, 2020 and June 21, 2020. Generic keywords, such as "Novel coronavirus" or "Novel coronavirus 2019" or "2019 nCoV" or "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" were searched on PubMed database, associated either with age filters or generic pediatric terms. SUMMARY OF
findingsA total of 28 articles, including 199 patients, were considered suitable to review and data extraction. The main findings were summarized in tables. The main non-pulmonary manifestations in pediatric patients, in decreasing order of frequency, were gastrointestinal, renal, cardiovascular, neurological, hematological and lymphatic, cutaneous, hepatic, ocular, olfactory, and gustatory. Multisystem impairment and Kawasaki-like disease were also described.
conclusionsDifferences in immune response of children and variations of tissue expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2, the virus receptor, are likely to influence clinical, epidemiological, and pathophysiological patterns of the disease.
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