Trial reportThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2021
Compartmental immunophenotyping in COVID-19 ARDS: A case series.
Trial report in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longer Prehospitalization and Preintubation Periods in Intubated Non-survivors and ECMO Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Immunothrombosis in Acute Respiratory Dysfunction of COVID-19.Frontiers in immunologyPooled it
- Severe allergic and anaphylactic transfusion reactions in consecutive recipients from the same donor.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Functional immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in myeloablative and non-myeloablative conditioned patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- High-throughput quantitation of human neutrophil recruitment and functional responses in an air-blood barrier array.APL bioengineering · 2025Article
- The Complex Immune Cell Composition and Cellular Interaction in the Alveolar Compartment of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025Review
- IL-33 and IL-3 synergistically induce CD25 expression on human basophils without functional IL-2 signaling: a potential marker of severe COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immunity and Coagulation in COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Clinical Phenotyping for Prognosis and Immunotherapy Guidance in Bacterial Sepsis and COVID-19.Critical care explorations · 2024Article
- Frontiers and hotspots evolution in cytokine storm: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2022.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Review
- The regulation of cGAS-STING signaling by RNA virus-derived components.Virology journal · 2024Review
- Cytokine production in anFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- TM9SF1 offers utility as an efficient predictor of clinical severity and mortality among acute respiratory distress syndrome patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2: pathogenesis, therapeutics, variants, and vaccines.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Immune cell populations and induced immune responses at admission in patients hospitalized with vaccine breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Elevated CD39+T-Regulatory Cells and Reduced Levels of Adenosine Indicate a Role for Tolerogenic Signals in the Progression from Moderate to Severe COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Serum ACE2, CTSL, AngII, and TNFα Levels after COVID-19 and mRNA Vaccines: The Molecular Basis.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Advances in Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Treatment of ARDS.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) and COVID-19: Unveiling the Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potentialities with a Special Focus on Long COVID.Vaccines · 2023Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSevere immunopathology may drive the deleterious manifestations that are observed in the advanced stages of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but are poorly understood.
objectiveOur aim was to phenotype leukocyte subpopulations and the cytokine milieu in the lungs and blood of critically ill patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
methodsWe consecutively included patients less than 72 hours after intubation following informed consent from their next of kin. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was evaluated by microscopy; bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood were assessed by 10-color flow cytometry and a multiplex cytokine panel.
resultsFour mechanically ventilated patients (aged 40-75 years) with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 ARDS were included. Immature neutrophils dominated in both blood and lungs, whereas CD4 and CD8 T-cell lymphopenia was observed in the 2 compartments. However, regulatory T cells and T
conclusionCOVID-19 ARDS exhibits a distinct immunologic profile in the lungs, with a depleted and exhausted CD4 and CD8 T-cell population that resides within a heavily hyperinflammatory milieu.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.