Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32978841›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of neurology2021

The etiology of rhabdomyolysis: an interaction between genetic susceptibility and external triggers.

N Kruijt, L R van den Bersselaar, E J Kamsteeg, W Verbeeck, M M J Snoeck, D S Everaerd, W F Abdo, D R M Jansen, C E Erasmus, H Jungbluth and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Rhabdomyolysis: a narrative review.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

N KruijtDepartment of Neurology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-8935-6772
L R van den BersselaarDepartment of Neurology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-7735-3267
E J KamsteegDepartment of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6480-1892
W VerbeeckDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1592-6976
M M J SnoeckMalignant Hyperthermia Investigation Unit, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
D S EveraerdDepartment of Psychiatry, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
W F AbdoDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-5783-8643
D R M JansenDepartment of Geriatrics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4478-4340
C E ErasmusDepartment of Neurology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6657-941X
H JungbluthRandall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, King's College, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7159-3427
N C VoermansDepartment of Neurology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-5837-7295

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background and purposeRhabdomyolysis is a medical emergency characterized by acute skeletal muscle breakdown with a sudden rise and subsequent fall of serum creatine kinase (CK) levels. Rhabdomyolysis events are provoked by exposure to external triggers, possibly in combination with an increased genetic susceptibility. We aimed to describe comprehensively the external triggers and potentially pathogenic genetic variants possibly implicated in increased rhabdomyolysis susceptibility.

methodsWe performed a retrospective single-center study, including a total of 1302 patients with an acute CK level exceeding 2000 IU/l.

resultsAnoxia was the most frequently reported trigger (40%). A subset of 193 patients were clinically suspected of an underlying genetic disorder (recurrent episodes, a positive family history, very high or persistently increased CK levels). In 72 of these patients, an unequivocal genetic defect was identified. A total of 22 genes with pathogenic variants were identified, including 52 different variants. Of those, 11 genes have been previously associated with rhabdomyolysis (ACADVL, ANO5, CPT2, DMD, DYSF, FKRP, HADHA, PGM1, LPIN1, PYGM, RYR1). Eleven genes are probably implicated in increased susceptibility (including AGL, CAPN3, CNBP, DMPK, MAGT1, ACADM, SCN4A, SGCA, SGCG, SMPD1, TANGO2).

conclusionThese findings suggest that the spectrum of genetic susceptibility for rhabdomyolysis has not yet been completely clarified. With the increasing availability of next-generation sequencing in a diagnostic setting, we expect that in more cases a genetic defect will be identified.

Indexed as

Muscular DiseasesRhabdomyolysisAnoctaminsGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMuscle, SkeletalNAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium ChannelPentosyltransferasesRetrospective StudiesANO5 protein, humanAnoctaminsFKRP protein, humanNAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium ChannelPentosyltransferasesSCN4A protein, humangenetic susceptibilityhyperCKaemianext-generation sequencingrhabdomyolysis

Identifiers

PMID32978841
PMCPMC7821272

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.