Observational studyBMC infectious diseases2020
Risk of active tuberculosis among COPD patients treated with fixed combinations of long-acting beta2 agonists and inhaled corticosteroids.
Observational study in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review on long-term adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of COPD.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2021Pooled it
- Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Infection Risk Factor Analysis in AECOPD Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and treatment outcomes of latent tuberculosis infection among older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in an area with intermediate tuberculosis burden.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Assessing the Causal Relationship between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Tuberculosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Long term management of people with post-tuberculosis lung disease.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Risk of Tuberculosis Caused by Fluticasone Propionate versus Budesonide in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- The Impact of 52-Week Single Inhaler Device Triple Therapy versus Dual Therapy on the Mortality of COPD Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Drug Resistance in Newly-Treated Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Complicated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Rapamycin modulates pulmonary pathology in a murine model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.Disease models & mechanisms · 2021Article
- Corticosteroids for COVID-19 Therapy: Potential Implications on Tuberculosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the incidence of active tuberculosis (TB) among COPD patients using fluticasone/salmeterol or budesonide/formoterol, and to identify any differences between these two groups of patients.
methodsThe study enrolled COPD patients from Taiwan NHIRD who received treatment with fluticasone/salmeterol or budesonide/formoterol for > 90 days between 2004 and 2011. The incidence of active TB was the primary outcome.
resultsAmong the intention-to-treat population prior to matching, the incidence rates of active TB were 0.94 and 0.61% in the fluticasone/salmeterol and budesonide/formoterol groups, respectively. After matching, the fluticasone/salmeterol group had significantly higher rates of active TB (adjusted HR, 1.41, 95% CI, 1.17-1.70) compared with the budesonide/formoterol group. The significant difference between these two groups remained after a competing risk analysis (HR, 1.45, 95% CI, 1.21-1.74). Following propensity score matching, the fluticasone/salmeterol group had significantly higher rates of active TB compared with the budesonide/formoterol group (adjusted HR, 1.45, 95% CI, 1.14-1.85). A similar trend was observed after a competing risk analysis (HR, 1.44, 95% CI, 1.19-1.75). A higher risk of active TB was observed in the fluticasone/salmeterol group compared with the budesonide/formoterol group across all subgroups, but some differences did not reach statistical significance.
conclusionFluticasone/salmeterol carried a higher risk of active TB compared with budesonide/formoterol among COPD patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.