ArticleThe patient2021
High-Efficacy Disease-Modifying Therapies in People with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of Risk Attitude in Treatment Decisions.
Article in The patient, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review to explore patients' MS knowledge and MS risk knowledge.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Pooled it
- Personalizing Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Monitoring: Patient Acceptance of Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and the Role of Disease Knowledge.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Perspective of Disease and Treatment in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Polish Multi-center Study.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Quality of reporting health behaviors for multiple sclerosis (QuoRH-MS): A scoping review to inform intervention planning and improve consistency of reporting.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Decisional Conflict Regarding Disease-Modifying Treatment Choices Among Patients with Mid-Stage Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Patient preference and adherence · 2024Article
- Association of treatment decision with personality, coping strategies and impulsivity in patients with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRisk attitude is defined as the willingness to tolerate risk to achieve a greater expected return. Limited information is available on how relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis people's perceptions about disease trajectory and risk attitude may influence treatment choices.
methodsA non-interventional study applying principles of behavioral economics was conducted to assess willingness to receive unwarranted high-efficacy disease-modifying therapy (DMT) according to best-practice guidelines. People with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (PwRRMS) according to 2010 McDonald criteria completed a survey on symptom severity, risk preferences, and management of simulated case scenarios mimicking the current treatment landscape. PwRRMS's choice for high-efficacy agents was established as the participant's selection of monoclonal antibodies for case scenarios with at least 2 years of clinical and radiological stability.
resultsA total of 211 PwRRMS were studied (mean age 39.1 ± 9.5 years, 70.1% female, mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score 1.8 ± 1.1). Almost 50% (n = 96) opted for a high-efficacy DMT despite the lack of evidence of disease activity. Younger age and risk-seeking behavior were associated with an increased likelihood of selecting unwarranted high-efficacy DMT [odds ratio (OR) 2.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-3.93, p = 0.043, and OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.09-4.30, p = 0.027, respectively]. Clinical characteristics or subjective perception of symptom severity had no influence on participants' treatment choices.
conclusionIdentifying PwRRMS with risk-seeking behavior would be crucial to implementing specific educational strategies to manage information on disease prognosis, treatment expectations, and safety risk knowledge.
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