ArticleClinical oral investigations2021
Effect of heat application on the physical properties and chemical structure of calcium silicate-based sealers.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effect of calcium silicate and epoxy resin-based sealers on postoperative pain: a randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2026Trial
- Physicochemical stability of contemporary endodontic sealers with distinct chemical bases under thermal stress: a multi-analytical approach.Odontology · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of heat impacts on bond strength and failure modes of calcium silicate- and epoxy resin-based sealers.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Nonsurgical Endodontic Management of Oehler's Type IIClinical case reports · 2026Article
- Evaluating the feasibility of calcium silicate-based sealers for strip perforation repair compared to mineral trioxide aggregate: an in-vitro study on bond strength.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Assessing Sealing Ability of C-Root SP Strontium Silicate Sealer With Different Obturation Techniques: An in vitro Study.International dental journal · 2026Article
- The effect of four calcium silicate-based sealers and sealer extrusion on postoperative pain: A randomized clinical trial.Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2025Article
- Calcium silicate-based sealers remnants in isthmuses of mesial roots of mandibular molars: an in vitro evaluation.Restorative dentistry & endodontics · 2025Article
- Marginal adaptation of heat and non-heat compatible bioceramic sealers in warm obturation: an in vitro SEM study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Effects of heating on bioceramic sealers: a scoping review of chemo-physical properties and clinical implications.Odontology · 2025Article
- Comparative Assessment of Push-Out Bond Strength and Dentinal Tubule Penetration of Different Calcium-Silicate-Based Endodontic Sealers.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Penetration of Calcium Silicate and Epoxy Resin Sealers Into the Lateral Canals.International dental journal · 2024Article
- Effect of the filling technique on the filling removal from oval-shaped canals.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Physicochemical Changes in Root-Canal Sealers under Thermal Challenge: A Comparative Analysis of Calcium Silicate- and Epoxy-Resin-Based Sealers.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Heat-Induced Changes in the Physical Properties of a New Premixed Calcium Silicate-Containing Root Canal Sealer: An In Vitro Study.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Effect of heat application on the physicochemical properties of new endodontic sealers: an in vitro and SEM study.Odontology · 2024Article
- External root thermal analysis of three different obturation techniques.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the effect of heat application on the setting and chemical properties of HiFlow BC Sealer and compare to other calcium silicate (CSBS) and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers. MATERIALS AND
methodsAH Plus, BioRoot RCS (BioRoot), Endosequence BC (Endosequence), and HiFlow BC (HiFlow) sealers were placed at 37 °C or subjected to heat at 200 °C for 10 or 30 s, followed by incubation at 37 °C in a humidified incubator during experiments. Setting time, viscosity, and flow were assessed, and changes in chemical structure were evaluated using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thermogravimetric analysis was also used to evaluate the weight change (%) of the sealers upon heating from room temperature to 37 °C or 200 °C at a rate of 20 °C/min. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with a Bonferroni post-hoc test (p = 0.05).
resultsApplication of heat extended the setting time for Endosequence and HiFlow but resulted in a faster setting of AH Plus and BioRoot. The highest flow and lower viscosity were observed in HiFlow at high temperature (p < 0.05), whereas the lowest flow with the highest viscosity and greatest weight loss were observed in BioRoot after heat application (p < 0.05). FTIR spectra demonstrated no changes to functional groups after heat application, except for the strong H-O-H absorption peak corresponding to water in BioRoot.
conclusionsEndosequence and HiFlow showed similar chemical properties with a higher flow and lower viscosity in HiFlow after heat application. Heat application resulted in reduced flow, increased viscosity, and weight loss for BioRoot. The setting of AH Plus was fastened with heat, while its weight loss, viscosity, and flow characteristics were stable. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: HiFlow, Endosequence, and AH Plus can be all used with WVC obturation techniques. Heat application resulted in minor changes in their physical properties including setting time, flow, weight loss, and chemical properties, while BioRoot showed a significant amount of weight loss, increase in viscosity, and reduced flowability after heat application.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.