Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32975191›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2021

Google Trends reveals increases in internet searches for insomnia during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global pandemic.

Kirsi-Marja Zitting, Heidi M Lammers-van der Holst, Robin K Yuan, Wei Wang, Stuart F Quan, Jeanne F Duffy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  18. Seasonal Patterns and Trends in Dermatoses in Poland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kirsi-Marja ZittingDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Heidi M Lammers-van der HolstDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Robin K YuanDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Wei WangDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Stuart F QuanDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Jeanne F DuffyDivision of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectivesThe 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global health and economic crisis. Recent evidence from small samples suggest that it has increased mood and sleep disturbances, including insomnia, around the world. This study aimed to estimate the effect of COVID-19 on insomnia levels worldwide and in the United States during the acute phase of the pandemic.

methodsWe analyzed search query data recorded between January 2004 and May 2020 from Google Trends and Google Keyword Planner for the search term "insomnia".

resultsThe number of search queries for insomnia has increased over the past decade and is greater than the number of search queries for other major sleep disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic increased search queries for insomnia both worldwide and in the United States, with the number in the United States increasing by 58% during the first 5 months of 2020 compared with the same months from the previous 3 years. There is a robust diurnal pattern in insomnia search queries in the United States, with the number of queries peaking around 3 am and the overall pattern remaining stable during the pandemic.

conclusionsThese results highlight the impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on sleep health and the urgent need for making effective interventions accessible. Future studies will be needed to determine whether the increase in insomnia symptoms will persist and lead to higher rates of chronic insomnia in the population.

Indexed as

InternetCOVID-19Health CommunicationHumansPandemicsQuarantineSARS-CoV-2Sleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersCOVID-19Google Trendsinsomniasleepsleep disorder

Identifiers

PMID32975191
PMCPMC7853234

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.