ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2020
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Specific Genetic Syndromes in Childhood and Adolescence.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Likelihood of Laryngeal Involvement in Autoimmune Thyroid Disorder Patients: A Meta-Analysis.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025Pooled it
- From genes to environment: A life-course approach to prevent pediatric autoimmune diseases.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- Endocrine and Digestive Disorders Arising in Childhood in Down Syndrome and Their Cross-Talk.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Turner Syndrome: The Role of Comorbidities, Hormonal Therapy and Depressive Symptoms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Identifying a Common Autoimmune Gene Core as a Tool for Verifying Biological Significance and Applicability of Polygenic Risk Scores.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease among Individuals with Celiac Disease in a Primary Care Setting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2026Article
- Advances in genetic and molecular insights into thyroid disorders: Implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment.Saudi medical journal · 2025Review
- 131-Radioiodine Therapy for Graves Disease in a Patient With Down Syndrome and Non-operable Congenital Heart Disease.Cureus · 2025Article
- Unveiling the hidden: acquired pediatric hypothyroidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Thyroid Dysfunction Prevalence and Risk Factors in the Southeastern Part of Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Micro nutrients as immunomodulators in the ageing population: a focus on inflammation and autoimmunity.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Review
- Beyond the Thyroid: A Narrative Review of Extra-thyroidal Manifestations in Hashimoto's Disease.Cureus · 2024Review
- The Impact of Environmental Factors on the Development of Autoimmune Thyroiditis-Review.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- The global prevalence of sexual dysfunction in men with thyroid gland disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- Down Syndrome and Autoimmune Disease.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2024Review
- Graves' disease in children with Down syndrome.Endocrine connections · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Monozygotic triplets with juvenile-onset autoimmunity and 18p microdeletion involvingFrontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Autoimmune thyroid disease and myasthenia gravis: a study bidirectional Mendelian randomization.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is the most frequent cause of acquired thyroid dysfunction, most commonly presenting either as Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' Disease. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is characterized by the presence of thyroid-specific autoantibodies, more commonly anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies in the serum and the typical inhomogeneous echostructure of the thyroid on a thyroid ultrasound examination. Hashimoto's thyroiditis can for a long time be accompanied by normal thyroid function and hypothyroidism can only progressively be established. Graves' disease is much less frequent in childhood and adolescence and presents with overt hyperthyroidism. After the onset of puberty, ATD affects females with a higher incidence than males, while during the prepubertal period there is not such a clear preponderance of affected females. ATD can occur either isolated or in the context of other autoimmune disorders, such as type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1D), celiac disease, alopecia areata, vitiligo, etc. Especially at the pediatric age, a higher incidence of ATD is also observed in the context of specific genetic syndromes, such as trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), Klinefelter syndrome, Turner syndrome, or 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Nevertheless, although thyroid dysfunction may also be observed in other genetic syndromes, such as Prader-Willi or Williams syndrome, the thyroid dysfunction in these syndromes is not the result of thyroid autoimmunity. Interestingly, there is emerging evidence supporting a possible link between autoimmunity and RASopathies. In this review article the incidence, as well as the clinical manifestation and accompanied pathologies of ATD in specific genetic syndromes will be presented and regular follow-up for the early identification of the disorder will be proposed.
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