ArticleSleep2021
Insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with cognitive impairment: a first look at cardiometabolic contributors to brain health.
Article in Sleep, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insomnia nosology: a systematic review and critical appraisal of historical diagnostic categories and current phenotypes.Journal of sleep research · 2023Pooled it
- Insomnia disorder with objective short sleep duration (ISS) phenotype and cognitive performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of objectively-measured sleep duration on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review of recent evidence.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- The benefit of inhibitory control training for insomnia with short sleep duration phenotype: a pilot randomized trial.BMC medicine · 2024Trial
- Comparison of the treatment effectiveness between lemborexant and zolpidem tartrate extended-release for insomnia disorder subtypes defined based on polysomnographic findings.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2023Trial
- The interaction of sleep characteristics and work-related stress in relation to the risk of dementia: findings from a Swedish cohort study.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Insomnia With Objective Short Sleep Duration Is Associated With Incident Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease: Evidence from the UK Biobank Data.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Cyclic alternating pattern in sleep electroencephalography as a novel predictor of dementia: A prospective study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Sleep architecture and rapid eye movement sleep without atonia in post-COVID-19 insomnia.Sleep · 2026Article
- Mechanisms Linking Insomnia and Cardiometabolic Disease Risk.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Review
- Research priorities to improve classification of sleep-wake disorders.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Review
- Early but not late time-restricted eating improves an actigraphy-estimated sleep quality in women with overweight or obesity: secondary analysis of the crossover ChronoFast trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Latent Cognitive Profiles Predict 1-Year Mental Health, Insomnia, Falls, Daily Functioning, and Pain in US Older Adults: A National Longitudinal Study.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2025Article
- Associations of Chronic Insomnia, Longitudinal Cognitive Outcomes, Amyloid-PET, and White Matter Changes in Cognitively Normal Older Adults.Neurology · 2025Article
- Response to Korean medicine with acupotomy in patients with cognitive impairment in primary care: A multicenter registry protocol.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Modifiable Parental Factors and Adolescent Sleep During Early Adolescence.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Modifiable Parental Factors and Adolescent Sleep During Early Adolescence.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Insomnia Phenotypes, Cardiovascular Risk and Their Link to Brain Health.Circulation research · 2025Review
- Napping during cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia: Friends or foes?Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Subtypes of Insomnia Disorder Identified by Cortical Morphometric Similarity Network.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesInsomnia with objective short sleep duration has been previously associated with adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes as well as poorer cognitive performance in otherwise noncognitively impaired adults. However, studies demonstrating an increased prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) in this insomnia phenotype are lacking.
methodsWe analyzed data from Penn State Adult Cohort (N = 1,524; 48.9 ± 13.4 years; 53.4% women). Self-reported sleep difficulty was defined as normal sleep (n = 899), poor sleep (n = 453), and chronic insomnia (n = 172). Objective short sleep duration was defined as less than 6-h of sleep, based on in-lab, 8-h polysomnography. CI (n = 155) and possible vascular cognitive impairment (pVCI, n = 122) were ascertained using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Analyses adjusted for age, sex, race, education, body mass index, apnea/hypopnea index, smoking, alcohol, psychoactive medication, and mental and physical health problems.
resultsParticipants who reported poor sleep or chronic insomnia and slept objectively less than 6 hours were associated with a 2-fold increased odds of CI (OR = 2.06, 95% confidence limits [CL] = 1.15-3.66 and OR = 2.18, 95% CL = 1.07-4.47, respectively) and of pVCI (OR = 1.94, 95% CL = 1.01-3.75 and OR = 2.33, 95% CL = 1.07-5.06, respectively). Participants who reported poor sleep or chronic insomnia and slept objectively more than 6 hours were not associated with increased odds of either CI (OR = 0.72, 95% CL = 0.30-1.76 and OR = 0.75, 95% CL = 0.21-2.71, respectively) or pVCI (OR = 1.08, 95% CL = 0.42-2.74 and OR = 0.76, 95% CL = 0.16-3.57, respectively).
conclusionsInsomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with an increased prevalence of CI, particularly as it relates to cardiometabolic health (i.e. pVCI). These data further support that this insomnia phenotype may be a more biologically severe form of the disorder associated with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and neurocognitive morbidity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.