SynthesisNature communications2020
Repurposing anti-inflammasome NRTIs for improving insulin sensitivity and reducing type 2 diabetes development.
Synthesis in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population attributable fractions of a wide range of peripheral diseases for the burden of dementia.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Association between HIV infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus: global incidence, prevalence, and risk factors - a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Oral lamivudine in diabetic macular edema: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of Xiaokeqing granules and lifestyle intervention in treating prediabetes mellitus considering metabolomic biomarkers: A randomised controlled trial.World journal of diabetes · 2025Trial
- The therapeutic potential of transposable element activity modulation.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Tenofovir, Interferon Pathways, and Mucosal Immunity: Implications for People Living With HIV.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- NEKfla: A Genetically Encoded Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Biosensor for Live-Cell Monitoring of Early NIMA-Related Kinase 7-NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome Signaling.Biomaterials research · 2026Article
- Unveiling GDF-15: a new frontier in combating diabetic osteoporosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Extrachromosomal Circular DNA and Transposable Elements in Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Prioritizing interventions for echinococcosis prevention in China: a population attributable fraction analysis.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Association between dietary inflammatory index and cardiovascular‑kidney‑metabolic syndrome: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Inhibition of long interspersed nuclear element-1 by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors attenuates vascular calcification.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Hypoxia drives progression of multiple sclerosis by enhancing the inflammasome activation in macrophages with Porphyromonas gingivalis infection.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Association of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor use with reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease risk.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Novel effects of reverse transcriptase inhibitor supplementation in skeletal muscle of old mice.Physiological genomics · 2025Article
- Chronic Viral Mimicry Induction following p53 Loss Promotes Immune Evasion.Cancer discovery · 2025Article
- Dietary Inflammatory index and its association with fatty liver disease: a study in obese and non-obese populations.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Targeting the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway for type 2 diabetes prevention: A retrospective cohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Targeting inflammasome pathway towards therapeutics of neurodegenerative diseases.Organelle (Tucson, Ariz.) · 2025Article
- A dietary combination of red yeast rice, phytosterol ester and lycopene ameliorates hypercholesterolemia by regulating gut microbiota and activating hepatic FXR-LDLR/ABCG pathway in mice.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
29 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Innate immune signaling through the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by multiple diabetes-related stressors, but whether targeting the inflammasome is beneficial for diabetes is still unclear. Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), drugs approved to treat HIV-1 and hepatitis B infections, also block inflammasome activation. Here, we show, by analyzing five health insurance databases, that the adjusted risk of incident diabetes is 33% lower in patients with NRTI exposure among 128,861 patients with HIV-1 or hepatitis B (adjusted hazard ratio for NRTI exposure, 0.673; 95% confidence interval, 0.638 to 0.710; P < 0.0001; 95% prediction interval, 0.618 to 0.734). Meanwhile, an NRTI, lamivudine, improves insulin sensitivity and reduces inflammasome activation in diabetic and insulin resistance-induced human cells, as well as in mice fed with high-fat chow; mechanistically, inflammasome-activating short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) transcripts are elevated, whereas SINE-catabolizing DICER1 is reduced, in diabetic cells and mice. These data suggest the possibility of repurposing an approved class of drugs for prevention of diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.