Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32967878›Full record

SynthesisBMJ open2020

Patients' and caregivers' perspectives on access to kidney replacement therapy in rural communities: systematic review of qualitative studies.

Nicole Jane Scholes-Robertson, Martin Howell, Talia Gutman, Amanda Baumgart, Victoria SInka, David J Tunnicliffe, Stephen May, Rachel Chalmers, Jonathan Craig, Allison Tong

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Peritoneal Dialysis Initiation Patterns by Health Service Area during an Era of Expansion.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
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  7. Facilitators and barriers to implementing the Diabetes Prevention Program in rural church settings: A qualitative study using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. The impact of rural status on pediatric chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024
    Article
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Nicole Jane Scholes-RobertsonSydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia nicole.scholes-robertson@sydney.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0001-8260-0453
Martin HowellSydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9740-712X
Talia GutmanSydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Amanda BaumgartSydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Victoria SInkaSydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
David J TunnicliffeSydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Stephen MaySchool of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
Rachel ChalmersSchool of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
Jonathan CraigCollege of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Allison TongSydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
The University of Sydney · AUUniversity of New England · AUFlinders University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in rural communities encounter many barriers in accessing equitable care and have worse outcomes compared with patients in urban areas. This study aims to describe the perspectives of patients and caregivers on access to KRT in rural communities to inform strategies to maximise access to quality care, and thereby reduce disadvantage, inequity and improve health outcomes.

setting18 studies (n=593 participants) conducted across eight countries (Australia, Canada, the UK, New Zealand, Ghana, the USA, Tanzania and India).

resultsWe identified five themes: uncertainty in navigating healthcare services (with subthemes of struggling to absorb information, without familiarity and exposure to options, grieving former roles and yearning for cultural safety); fearing separation from family and home (anguish of homesickness, unable to fulfil family roles and preserving sense of belonging in community); intense burden of travel and cost (poverty of time, exposure to risks and hazards, and taking a financial toll); making life-changing sacrifices; guilt and worry in receiving care (shame in taking resources from others, harbouring concerns for living donor, and coping and managing in isolation).

conclusionPatients with CKD in rural areas face profound and inequitable challenges of displacement, financial burden and separation from family in accessing KRT, which can have severe consequences on their well-being and outcomes. Strategies are needed to improve access and reduce the burden of obtaining appropriate KRT in rural communities.

Indexed as

CaregiversRural PopulationAustraliaCanadaGhanaHumansIndiaNew ZealandQualitative ResearchRenal Replacement TherapyTanzaniadialysisqualitative researchrenal transplantation

Identifiers

PMID32967878
PMCPMC7513603
OpenAlexW3088316863

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.