ReviewBMJ open2020
Overview of systematic reviews on strategies to improve treatment initiation, adherence to antiretroviral therapy and retention in care for people living with HIV: part 1.
Review in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Implementation strategies to improve HIV care cascade outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review from 2014 to 2021.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of harm minimization interventions on reducing blood-borne infection transmission and some injecting behaviors among people who inject drugs: an overview and evidence gap mapping.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2024Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of HIV Retention and Re-engagement Interventions in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Literature Review.AIDS and behavior · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- A population-based survey pooled analysis of women engaged in commercial sex in the HIV care cascade in sub-Saharan Africa, 2015-2017.Discover public health · 2026Article
- Perspectives of People With HIV on Implementing Long-acting Cabotegravir Plus Rilpivirine in Clinics and Community Settings in the United Kingdom: Results From the Antisexist, Antiracist, Antiageist Implementing Long-acting Novel Antiretrovirals Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Observational
- "Ashamed of being seen in an HIV clinic": a qualitative analysis of barriers to engaging in HIV care from the perspectives of patients and healthcare workers in the Daraja clinical trial.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association between virtual visits and health outcomes of people living with HIV: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Decision Support Tool to Improve Decision-Making for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Development Process and Alpha Testing.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Barriers and facilitators to improving the cascade of HIV care in Ontario: a mixed method study.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Structural violence and the uncertainty of viral undetectability for African, Caribbean and Black people living with HIV in Canada: an institutional ethnography.International journal for equity in health · 2023Article
- Addressing Health Inequities in Digital Clinical Trials: A Review of Challenges and Solutions From the Field of HIV Research.Epidemiologic reviews · 2022Review
- Article
- A two-day workshop reviewing Canadian provincial and national HIV care cascade indicators, reporting, challenges, and recommendations.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2022Article
- Co-creation of HIVST delivery approaches for improving urban men's engagement with HIV services in eThekwini District, KwaZulu-Natal: nominal group technique in intervention development.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2022Article
- Legislatively Excluded, Medically Uninsured and Structurally Violated: The Social Organization of HIV Healthcare for African, Caribbean and Black Immigrants with Precarious Immigration Status in Toronto, Canada.Qualitative health research · 2022Article
- A Review of Interventions to Enhance HIV Medication Adherence.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Pills, PrEP, and Pals: Adherence, Stigma, Resilience, Faith and the Need to Connect Among Minority Women With HIV/AIDS in a US HIV Epicenter.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe sought to map the evidence and identify interventions that increase initiation of antiretroviral therapy, adherence to antiretroviral therapy and retention in care for people living with HIV at high risk for poor engagement in care.
methodsWe conducted an overview of systematic reviews and sought for evidence on vulnerable populations (men who have sex with men (MSM), African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) people, sex workers (SWs), people who inject drugs (PWID) and indigenous people). We searched PubMed, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library in November 2018. We screened, extracted data and assessed methodological quality in duplicate and present a narrative synthesis.
resultsWe identified 2420 records of which only 98 systematic reviews were eligible. Overall, 65/98 (66.3%) were at low risk of bias. Systematic reviews focused on ACB (66/98; 67.3%), MSM (32/98; 32.7%), PWID (6/98; 6.1%), SWs and prisoners (both 4/98; 4.1%). Interventions were: mixed (37/98; 37.8%), digital (22/98; 22.4%), behavioural or educational (9/98; 9.2%), peer or community based (8/98; 8.2%), health system (7/98; 7.1%), medication modification (6/98; 6.1%), economic (4/98; 4.1%), pharmacy based (3/98; 3.1%) or task-shifting (2/98; 2.0%). Most of the reviews concluded that the interventions effective (69/98; 70.4%), 17.3% (17/98) were neutral or were indeterminate 12.2% (12/98). Knowledge gaps were the types of participants included in primary studies (vulnerable populations not included), poor research quality of primary studies and poorly tailored interventions (not designed for vulnerable populations). Digital, mixed and peer/community-based interventions were reported to be effective across the continuum of care.
conclusionsInterventions along the care cascade are mostly focused on adherence and do not sufficiently address all vulnerable populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.