Observational studyBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2020
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events: multi-database retrospective cohort study.
Observational study in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT03939624. Cited by 63 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: a Multicenter Cohort Study
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of sensitivity analyses to assess uncontrolled confounding from unmeasured variables in observational, active comparator pharmacoepidemiologic studies: a systematic review.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Methodological challenges using routine clinical care data for real-world evidence: a rapid review utilizing a systematic literature search and focus group discussion.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiovascular Benefits With Favorable Renal, Amputation and Hypoglycemic Outcomes of SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes From the Asian Perspective: A Population-Based Cohort Study and Systematic Review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and prognosis in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of luseogliflozin and voglibose on high-risk lipid profiles and inflammatory markers in diabetes patients with heart failure.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Effectiveness and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor initiation in sacubitril-valsartan users with heart failure: a population-based cohort study.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Observational
- Article
- Effectiveness and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in aged patients (≥ 75 Years) with diabetes: a multi-center retrospective cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Observational
- Cardiovascular effectiveness and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors vs DPP4 inhibitors by dementia status: a cohort study of older adults with diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on NSAID-associated acute kidney injury in type 2 diabetes: a claims-based cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- Heterogeneous cardiovascular effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: a causal forest and target trial emulation study.European journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Comparative Cardiovascular Safety of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Versus Colchicine Use When Initiating Urate-Lowering Therapy Among Patients With Gout: Target Trial Emulations.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Comparative Mortality Risk of Aripiprazole, Olanzapine, Quetiapine and Risperidone in Alzheimer's Disease: A Real World Cohort Study with Treatment Effect Heterogeneity Analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Association between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor use and clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes after urinary tract infection.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Rurality, type 2 diabetes and risk of cardiovascular events in Alberta, Canada: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- New therapeutic agents for type 2 diabetes: anaesthetic considerations. A narrative review.Anaesthesiology intensive therapy · 2025Review
- Evaluating the agreement between sensitivity and primary analyses in observational studies using routinely collected healthcare data: a meta-epidemiology study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of Empagliflozin on Cardiovascular Outcomes and Renal Function in Patients with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Core Concepts in Pharmacoepidemiology: Multi-Database Distributed Data Networks.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Review
- Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the risk of cardiovascular events between sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors among people with type 2 diabetes in a real world context of clinical practice.
designMulti-database retrospective cohort study using a prevalent new user design with subsequent meta-analysis.
settingCanadian Network for Observational Drug Effect Studies (CNODES), with administrative healthcare databases from seven Canadian provinces and the United Kingdom, 2013-18. POPULATION: 209 867 new users of a SGLT2 inhibitor matched to 209 867 users of a DPP-4 inhibitor on time conditional propensity score and followed for a mean of 0.9 years.
main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, a composite of myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke, or cardiovascular death). Secondary outcomes were the individual components of MACE, heart failure, and all cause mortality. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate site specific adjusted hazards ratios and 95% confidence intervals, comparing use of SGLT2 inhibitors with use of DPP-4 inhibitors in an as treated approach. Site specific results were pooled using random effects meta-analysis.
resultsCompared with DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with decreased risks of MACE (incidence rate per 1000 person years: 11.4
conclusionsIn this large observational study conducted in a real world clinical practice context, the short term use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular events compared with the use of DPP-4 inhibitors.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03939624.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.