Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32967354›Full record

ArticleNutrients2020

The Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) as a Screening Tool for Risk of Malnutrition: Optimal Cutoff, Factor Structure, and Validation in Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Sabrina Lau, Kalene Pek, Justin Chew, Jun Pei Lim, Noor Hafizah Ismail, Yew Yoong Ding, Matteo Cesari, Wee Shiong Lim

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Interaction Between theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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  15. A 'COMMON SENSE' approach to geriatric patients in clinical practice.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Sabrina LauDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
Kalene PekInstitute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
Justin ChewDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-9891-6663
Jun Pei LimDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
Noor Hafizah IsmailInstitute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
Yew Yoong DingDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
Matteo CesariDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0348-3664
Wee Shiong LimDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-3975-7230
Tan Tock Seng Hospital · SGUniversity of Milan · IT

Funding

Lee Foundation Grant 2013
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Malnutrition is an independent marker of adverse outcomes in older adults. While the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) for anorexia has been validated as a nutritional screening tool, its optimal cutoff and validity in healthy older adults is unclear. This study aims to determine the optimal cutoff for SNAQ in healthy community-dwelling older adults, and to examine its factor structure and validity. We studied 230 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 67.2 years) who were nonfrail (defined by Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses & Loss (FRAIL) criteria). When compared against the risk of malnutrition using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), the optimal cutoff for SNAQ was ≤15 (area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve: 0.706, sensitivity: 69.2%, specificity: 61.3%). Using exploratory factor analysis, we found a two-factor structure (Factor 1: Appetite Perception; Factor 2: Satiety and Intake) which accounted for 61.5% variance. SNAQ showed good convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity. In logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, education and MNA, SNAQ ≤15 was significantly associated with social frailty, unlike SNAQ ≤4 (odds ratio (OR) 1.99,

Indexed as

AppetiteNutrition SurveysAgedFemaleHumansIndependent LivingMaleMalnutritionMass ScreeningMiddle AgedNutritional StatusNutrition AssessmentOdds RatioReproducibility of ResultsRisk FactorsSurveys and Questionnairesanorexiacutofffactor structuremalnutritionolder adultsvalidity

Identifiers

PMID32967354
PMCPMC7551805
OpenAlexW3087427173

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.