ReviewNature2020
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in development.
Review in Nature, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,232 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Open-Label, Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC as an Immune System Enhancer Along With Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection
Serology Testing (Antibody Levels) With Time Following SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) Vaccinations in Residents of Nursing, Extended Care, and Over-55 Communities
Who cites it
1,232 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 2,241 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances on cancer vaccine trials registered in China and the USA in 2014-2024.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Immune response of COVID-19 vaccines in solid cancer patients: A meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- The characteristics of white dot syndromes following COVID-19 Vaccines: a systematic review.International ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of Biological E's CORBEVAX™ vaccine compared to COVISHIELD™ (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine studied in a phase-3, single blind, multicentre, randomized clinical trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- Absence of autoantibodies linked to cancer and autoimmune disorders 26 weeks after BNT162b2 boosting in CoronaVac- primed individuals.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of Cuscuta Extracts Against HSV-1, HSV-2 (ACV-Resistant Strain), HCoV229E and SARS-CoV-2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Nanomedicine beyond carriers - devices, cells & living therapeutics.Biomedical microdevices · 2026Review
- Dynamics of neutralizing antibody responses after trivalent XBB.1.5 booster vaccination: a 480-day longitudinal study.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Respiratory mucosal vaccines for emerging viruses: promise and challenges.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Vaccination-first immune priming shapes a sustained mRNA vaccine-induced IgG4 class switch that associates with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection risk.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunogenicity and safety of BNT162b2 vaccine in patients with juvenile immune mediated inflammatory disease.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Six Years of COVID-19: Lessons from Epidemiology, Vaccination Campaigns, Clinical Risk Stratification, and Thromboembolic Surveillance.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Eras of bioinformatics technologies from command-line interfaces to artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Review
- The critical role of artificial intelligence and bioinformatics in accelerating peptide-based vaccine discovery for tackling global infectious diseases.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Review
- Cytokine Profiles in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Neutrophils following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Study from Kuwait.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2026Article
- Emerging Viral Zoonoses: Epidemiology, Vaccination Strategies, and Implications for Global Public Health.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Article
- Enhancing adult learning through problem-based learning and knowledge scaffolding: a case study from postgraduate immunology education.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Metabolic impairments in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after BNT162b2 vaccination in liver transplantation adolescents.Scientific reports · 2026Article
1,172 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in late 2019 in China and is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To mitigate the effects of the virus on public health, the economy and society, a vaccine is urgently needed. Here I review the development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Development was initiated when the genetic sequence of the virus became available in early January 2020, and has moved at an unprecedented speed: a phase I trial started in March 2020 and there are currently more than 180 vaccines at various stages of development. Data from phase I and phase II trials are already available for several vaccine candidates, and many have moved into phase III trials. The data available so far suggest that effective and safe vaccines might become available within months, rather than years.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.