Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32966877›Full record

ArticleContemporary clinical trials2020

Real-world exposure to graphic warning labels on cigarette packages in US smokers: The CASA randomized trial protocol.

John P Pierce, David R Strong, Matthew D Stone, Adriana Villaseñor, Claudiu V Dimofte, Eric C Leas, Jesica Oratowski, Elizabeth Brighton, Samantha Hurst, Kimberley Pulvers and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Contemporary clinical trials, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

John P PierceCancer Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0901, United States; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address: jppierce@ucsd.edu.
David R StrongCancer Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0901, United States; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address: dstrong@ucsd.edu.
Matthew D StoneDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address: m3stone@ucsd.edu.
Adriana VillaseñorDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address: adriana.villasenor@sdcounty.ca.gov.
Claudiu V DimofteDepartment of Marketing, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, United States. Electronic address: cdimofte@sdsu.edu.
Eric C LeasCancer Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0901, United States; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address: ecleas@ucsd.edu.
Jesica OratowskiDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address: joratowski@ucsd.edu.
Elizabeth BrightonDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address: ebrighton@ucsd.edu.
Samantha HurstCancer Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0901, United States. Electronic address: shurst@ucsd.edu.
Kimberley PulversDepartment of Psychology, Social and Behavioral Sciences Building, California State University, San Marcos 200 E Barham Dr, San Marcos, CA, 92096, United States. Electronic address: kpulvers@csusm.edu.
Sheila KealeyCancer Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0901, United States.
Ruifeng ChenDivision of Biostatistics, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address: ruc075@ucsd.edu.
Karen MesserCancer Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0901, United States; Division of Biostatistics, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address: kmesser@ucsd.edu.
University of California, San Diego · USCalifornia State University, San Marcos · USSan Diego State University · US

Funding

The Effect of Packaging on Smoking Perceptions and Behavior: A Randomized TrialR01CA190347 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI PIERCE, JOHN P, STRONG, DAVID R · 2015 to 2019
$4.0M
The role of ENDS use in changing rates of escalation and quitting of cigarette smoking in those under age 35 years in US populationR01CA234539 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BENMARHNIA, TARIK, PIERCE, JOHN P · 2018 to 2020
$1.2M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA190347NCI NIH HHS R01 CA234539
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe US lags behind >120 countries in implementing graphic warning labels (GWLs) on cigarette packs. US courts prevented implementation of FDA's 2012 rule requiring GWLs citing the need for more evidence on effectiveness. After more research, in 2020, the FDA proposed a revised rule mandating GWLs. This trial will test how the introduction of GWLs influence cognitions and behavior in US smokers.

methodTo investigate the "real-world" impact of GWLs in US smokers, we are conducting a randomized trial involving a 3-month intervention and 8-month follow-up. The study recruited California smokers between September 2016 through December 2019 and randomly assigned them into 3 groups (1) Blank Pack devoid of any cigarette branding; (2) GWL Pack featuring 1 of 3 rotating images added to blank pack; or (3) their usual Standard US Pack. Throughout the 3-month intervention, participants purchased study-packaged cigarettes and reported daily cognitions and behavior through ecological momentary assessments. We will validate self-reported tobacco use with saliva cotinine concentrations following the 3-month intervention and 8-month follow-up.

resultsThe trial enrolled 359 participants (average age 39 years; average cigarette consumption half a pack/day). The 3 study groups were balanced on age, gender, race-ethnicity, education and income (17% low income) as well as on smoking related variables.

conclusionsThis 3-month real-world randomized trial will test the effect of repackaging cigarettes from standard US packs to GWL plain packs on smokers' perceptions of the risks of smoking, their perception of the appeal of their cigarettes, and on their smoking behavior.

Indexed as

Smoking CessationTobacco ProductsHumansInfant, NewbornProduct LabelingSmokersSmoking PreventionGraphic warning labelHealth warningsPlain packagingRandomized controlled trialSmokingStandardized packaging

Identifiers

PMID32966877
PMCPMC7502239
OpenAlexW3088311069

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.