ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2021
Relationships of inflammation trajectories with white matter volume and integrity in midlife.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Role and Mechanism of Microglia in White Matter Injury Recovery in Ischemic Stroke.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Pooled it
- Plasma inflammatory markers and brain white matter microstructure in late middle-aged and older adults.Neurobiology of aging · 2026Article
- Sex versus Gender Role Endorsement Associations With White Matter Microstructure in South African Adults: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Burden-dependent associations of serum sTREM2 with white matter injury and cognitive heterogeneity in cerebral small vessel disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- White Matter Regional Volumes in Relation to Menstrual Cycle Phase and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- The Relation Between Systemic Inflammation and the Menopause Transition: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Social frailty and its association with cognitive trajectories in older adults: a prospective cohort study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- The immunology of stroke and dementia.Immunity · 2025Review
- Relationships between abdominal adipose tissue and neuroinflammation with diffusion basis spectrum imaging in midlife obesity.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Article
- Increased white blood cell in young adults with family histories of alcohol and other substance use disorders.Addiction biology · 2024Article
- Association of Changes in C-Reactive Protein Level Trajectories Through Early Adulthood With Cognitive Function at Midlife: The CARDIA Study.Neurology · 2024Article
- Association of Poor Oral Health With Neuroimaging Markers of White Matter Injury in Middle-Aged Participants in the UK Biobank.Neurology · 2024Article
- Personality and Cognition: The Mediating Role of Inflammatory Markers.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024Article
- Extracellular vesicles from hiPSC-NSCs can prevent peripheral inflammation-induced cognitive dysfunction with inflammasome inhibition and improved neurogenesis in the hippocampus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- The role of peripheral inflammatory insults in Alzheimer's disease: a review and research roadmap.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2023Review
- Complement protein levels in serum astrocyte-derived exosomes are associated with cognitive impairment in obstructive sleep apnea.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2023Article
- Measures of MRI Brain Biomarkers in Middle Age According to Average Modified Mediterranean Diet Scores Throughout Young and Middle Adulthood.Nutrition and healthy aging · 2023Article
- Racial Discrimination and White Matter Microstructure in Trauma-Exposed Black Women.Biological psychiatry · 2022Article
- White Matter Alterations in Depressive Disorder.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- C-reactive protein and white matter microstructural changes in COVID-19 patients with encephalopathy.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveElevated inflammation is associated with worse late-life cognitive functioning and brain health. Our goal was to examine the relationship between inflammation trajectories and white matter integrity in midlife.
methodsParticipants were 508 adults from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA; 51% female). Latent class analysis was used to identify inflammation trajectories based on repeated measures of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) over the 18 years before brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Outcomes were brain MRI measures of total and region-specific white matter volume and integrity at a mean age of 50.6 ± 3.4 years. Linear regression was used to examine if inflammation trajectories were associated with brain MRI outcomes, adjusting for potential confounds in all models and for disease and health behaviors in follow-up models.
resultsLower-stable (38%), moderate-increasing (7%), and consistently-higher (54%), trajectories emerged. Compared to the lower-stable group, the moderate-increasing group showed lower white matter volume (β = -0.18, 95% CI -0.29, -0.06) and worse white matter integrity as indexed by lower fractional anisotropy (FA; β = -0.37, 95% CI -0.70, -0.04) and higher mean diffusivity (β = 0.44, 95% CI 0.11, 0.78) in the whole brain. The consistently-higher group showed lower whole-brain FA (β = -0.20, -0.38, -0.03). In exploratory analyses, the moderate-increasing group showed lower white matter volume, lower FA and higher MD in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes compared to the lower-stable group. The consistently-higher group showed lower white matter volume in the parietal lobe and lower FA in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, but similar MD, compared to the lower-stable group. Findings for the moderate-increasing, but not the consistently-higher, group were robust to adjustment for disease and lifestyle factors.
conclusionIncreasing or high inflammation trajectories from early to mid adulthood are associated with worse brain health, as indexed by lower white matter volume and/or worse white matter integrity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.