Trial reportThe Journal of clinical investigation2020
Healthy donor T cell responses to common cold coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- CD4+ T cells from COVID-19 mRNA vaccine recipients recognize a conserved epitope present in diverse coronaviruses.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Trial
- A novel chimeric coronavirus spike vaccine combining SARS-CoV-2 RBD and scaffold domains from HKU-1 elicits potent neutralising antibody responses.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) Expression and Activation in COVID-19 and Long COVID: From SARS-CoV-2 Escape Mechanisms to Emerging PRR-Targeted Immunotherapies.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Human HKU1-Reactive CD4 T Cells Are Enriched for Cytolytic Potential That Persists in Older Adults.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Germline homozygosity and allelic imbalance of HLA-I are common in esophagogastric adenocarcinoma and impair the repertoire of immunogenic peptides.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Bivalent mRNA COVID vaccines elicit predominantly cross-reactive CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Distinct T cell polyfunctional profile in SARS-CoV-2 seronegative children associated with endemic human coronavirus cross-reactivity.iScience · 2024Article
- A quest for universal anti-SARS-CoV-2 T cell assay: systematic review, meta-analysis, and experimental validation.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Tetanus-diphtheria vaccine can prime SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The immunobiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine responses: potential influences of cross-reactive memory responses and aging on efficacy and off-target effects.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Potential use of endemic human coronaviruses to stimulate immunity against pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2023Article
- Immunopeptidome profiling of human coronavirus OC43-infected cells identifies CD4 T-cell epitopes specific to seasonal coronaviruses or cross-reactive with SARS-CoV-2.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Interferon-lambda: New role in intestinal symptoms of COVID-19.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- HLA-I and HLA-II Peptidomes of SARS-CoV-2: A Review.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Mouse models susceptible to HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 and cross protection from challenge with SARS-CoV-2.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Potent high-avidity neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses after COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with B cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma.Nature cancer · 2023Observational
- Impaired Cellular and Antibody immunity after COVID-19 in Chronically Immunosuppressed Transplant Recipients.Journal of surgery and research · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen-specific B cell and antibody responses in pre-vaccination period COVID-19 convalescent males and females with or without post-covid condition.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The COVID-19 pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa: The significance of presumed immune sufficiency.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2023Review
- Altered pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in elderly individuals.Clinical immunology communications · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUNDT cell responses to the common cold coronaviruses have not been well characterized. Preexisting T cell immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported, and a recent study suggested that this immunity was due to cross-recognition of the novel coronavirus by T cells specific for the common cold coronaviruses.METHODSWe used the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay to characterize the T cell responses against peptide pools derived from the spike protein of 3 common cold coronaviruses (HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-OC43) and SARS-CoV-2 in 21 healthy donors (HDs) who were seronegative for SARS-CoV-2 and had no known exposure to the virus. An in vitro expansion culture assay was also used to analyze memory T cell responses.RESULTSWe found responses to the spike protein of the 3 common cold coronaviruses in many of the donors. We then focused on HCoV-NL63 and detected broad T cell responses to the spike protein and identified 22 targeted peptides. Interestingly, only 1 study participant had a significant response to SARS-CoV-2 spike or nucleocapsid protein in the ELISPOT assay. In vitro expansion studies suggested that T cells specific for the HCoV-NL63 spike protein in this individual could also recognize SARS-CoV-2 spike protein peptide pools.CONCLUSIONHDs have circulating T cells specific for the spike proteins of HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-OC43. T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins were present in only 1 participant and were potentially the result of cross-recognition by T cells specific for the common cold coronaviruses. Further studies are needed to determine whether this cross-recognition influences coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.