Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32966157›Full record

ArticleSports health

Opioid Prescribing Trends and Geographic Variation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Majd Marrache, Matthew J Best, Micheal Raad, Jacob D Mikula, Raj M Amin, John H Wilckens

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sports health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Decreased Opioid Prescriptions and Evolving Trends in Multimodal Pain Management Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Drugs in Sports.Sports health
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Majd MarracheDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
Matthew J BestDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
Micheal RaadDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
Jacob D MikulaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
Raj M AminDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
John H WilckensDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionOpioid prescribing patterns play an important role in the opioid epidemic in the United States. The purpose of this study is to examine the trends and geographic variation in opioid prescribing patterns after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. HYPOTHESIS: Regional differences in opioid prescribing patterns after ACL reconstruction are present. STUDY

designDescriptive epidemiology study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4.

methodsThe Truven Health MarketScan Commercial Claims database was used to analyze all patients with perioperative private insurance coverage who underwent ACL reconstruction from January 1, 2010, to November 31, 2017. Total number and morphine milligram equivalents per day (MMED) of opioid prescriptions were examined, and regional and statewide variation was assessed.

resultsA total of 90,068 ACL reconstruction patients who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2017 were included in the study. Overall, 67% received an opioid prescription within 30 days of surgery and 17% received an opioid prescription ≥90 MMED. The West (20%) had the highest proportion of patients with an opioid prescription ≥90 MMED and the Northeast had the lowest (12%),

conclusionThis study shows a trend of increasing opioid prescriptions and geographic variations in the amount and MMED of opioid prescriptions for patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. These data highlight several areas of improvement that state officials and national entities can use to help curb the opioid epidemic and underscore the importance of national guidelines for opioid prescribing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Knowledge of prescribing patterns after specific procedures may help provide more direct insight and guidance to surgeons and patients regarding postoperative pain management.

Indexed as

Practice Patterns, Physicians'AdultAnalgesics, OpioidAnterior Cruciate Ligament InjuriesAnterior Cruciate Ligament ReconstructionDrug PrescriptionsFemaleHumansMaleOpioid-Related DisordersPostoperative PainPrescription Drug MisuseRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentUnited StatesYoung AdultAnalgesics, Opioidanterior cruciate ligament reconstructiongeographic variationopioid abuseopioidspostoperative pain

Identifiers

PMID32966157
PMCPMC7785898

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.