ArticleEClinicalMedicine2020
Safety and protective effects of maternal influenza vaccination on pregnancy and birth outcomes: A prospective cohort study.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal influenza vaccination during the first trimester of pregnancy and risk for birth defects: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Late-onset preeclampsia is characterized by accelerated placental aging.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women during the 2023-2024 influenza season in Turkiye, a cross sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Influenza virus infection during pregnancy: a review of risk factors, pathogenic mechanisms, and prevention strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sex-specific placental transcriptome alterations in late-onset preeclampsia reveal male-biased immune and metabolic dysregulation.Biology of sex differences · 2025Observational
- Evaluating the Protective Effects of Influenza Vaccination in Pregnant Women and Their Infants: An Umbrella Review.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Review
- Influenza vaccination hesitancy and related factors among pregnant and breastfeeding women: A cross-sectional study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Article
- Maternal influenza vaccination and associated risk of fetal loss: A claims-based prospective cohort study.Vaccine · 2024Article
- The Impact of Obesity on Influenza Vaccine Immunogenicity and Antibody Transfer to the Infant During Pregnancy.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Defining and reporting adverse events of special interest in comparative maternal vaccine studies: a systematic review.Vaccine: X · 2024Review
- Summary of the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) Updated Guidance on Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2024Article
- Placental Inflammasome mRNA Levels Differ by Mode of Delivery and Fetal Sex.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among pregnant women in China: a multi-center cross-sectional study based on health belief model.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Safety, Immunogenicity, Efficacy and Effectiveness of Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Healthy Pregnant Women and Children Under 5 Years: An Evidence-Based Clinical Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOur study aimed to assess the safety and protective effect of maternal influenza vaccination on pregnancy and birth outcomes.
methodsThe study population comprised 1253 healthy nulliparous pregnant women in South Australia between 2015 and 2018. Participants were followed prospectively, with vaccination status (confirmed by medical records), pregnancy, and birth outcome data collected by midwives. Adjusted relative risks (aRRs) and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) were estimated accounting for time-varying vaccine exposure and temporal nature of each outcome.
findingsMaternal influenza vaccination (48%, 603 of 1253) reduced the risk for pre-delivery hospitalisation with influenza like illness (aHR 0•61; 95% CI 0•39, 0•97). Maternal influenza vaccination was not associated with spontaneous abortion (aHR 0•42, 95% CI 0•12, 1•45), chorioamnionitis (aRR 0•78, 95% CI, 0•32, 1•88), gestational hypertension (aHR 0•78, 95% CI 0•47, 1•29), pre-eclampsia (aHR 0.84, 95% CI 0•54, 1•27), gestational diabetes (aHR 1•16, 95% CI 0•82, 1•66) nor preterm birth (aHR 0•94, 95% CI 0•59, 1•49). No associations between antenatal influenza vaccination and congenital anomalies, admission to the neonatal care unit, low Apgar scores, and mechanical ventilation were observed. Results were not materially changed after adjustment for pertussis vaccination. We observed a protective effect of maternal influenza vaccination on low birth weight (aHR 0•46, 95% CI 0•23, 0•94) and a marginal protective effect on small for gestational age births (aHR 0•65, 95% CI 0•40, 1•04) during periods of high influenza activity.
interpretationThese results support the safety of maternal influenza vaccination and suggest a protective effect in reducing the rates of low birthweight and small for gestational age births.
fundingThere was no funding for this study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.